FRONTIERA LETTO-LITUANA
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years; (3) that the political situation arising out of the Lithuanian-Russian Treaty of July 1920 and the Latvia-Rus-sian Treaty of August 1920 may be satisfactorily met a Latvian-Lithuanian defensive military Convention without prejudice to the abovementioned Treaties.
    A draft outline of the leading points of agreement between the experts, with a note embodying the opinion of the President of the Court on the principale point of difference, is printed as an Appendix to this Report. It was not formally presented to the Court by the President for adoption as he considered that such a action was outside the competency of the frontier Court.
    The third problem that presented peculiar difficulty was that of the Lithuanian claim to the whole of the territory lying within the Kalkune railway triangle. While there is some reason to believe that the Lithuanian ethnographical element, relative to the Lettish, is greater than even the most recent of censuses indicates, yet it does not costitute an absolute majority in the region as a whole. A survey of all the factors, notably that of the State-political, proved decisive against the transfer of this territory to Lithuania. The population of Dvinsk before the war was over 110.000 under the limited and artificial conditions of a fortified centre, while that of the whole lluxte region according to the last Russian census was over 66.000. The city needed the whole of the surrounding territory as much as the surrounding territory needed the city, and if at present the relative ration» of population are reversed, there seems to be no reason why under more natural conditions the future of Dvinsk shoud not be even greater than her past. On the other hand, compliance with part of the Lithuanian demand, viz. access to the river, was spontaneously incorporated in the proposed draft railway agreement from the Latvian side.
    With regard to the rest of the frontier, it should be carefully borne in mind that the changes in some instances represent the transfer of land of very different value. Thus the ethnographical modification along the Stcllen frontier involves te~ritory whose arable value is hardly comparable