284
INDEX
Suada fruticosa maritima, figure, 168. Swashways, how produced, 39.
T
Talus fans, how produced, 42.
Tamarisk, planted on shingle, 117, PI. XI. Tampico Harbour, Mexico, dispersal of shoals in advance of, 17.
—	design of training walls for, 17.
Thames, River, Design of estuary walls, 14.
—	origin of estuary walls, 14.
—	proposed barrage at Gravesend, 15.
—	recent dredging in, and its effects, 10.
—	changes of level during human period, 10.
—	deposit of moor log, 11.
Thymus Serpyllum, 62.
Tides, Causes of, springs and neaps, priming, 1.
—	tidal wave, cotidal lines, 2.
—	tidal standards, British and foreign, 2. --Trinity High Water, 2.
—	mean tidal level, 3.
—	predicting machine, 4.
—	effect of winds on, 5.
—	effect of varying atmospheric pressure, 5.
—	tidal penetration tinder St. Paul's Cathedral, 11.
—	tidal volume, ratio to section of L.W. channel (see Durban Harbour and Cork Harbour), 20.
—	tidal flow, effects on river contours and sections, 21.
—	tidal bore, examples of, Rivers Severn, Seine, and Tsien-tang-Kiang, 23, 24.
Torquay Harbour, effect of works at, 34. Touquet, Le, dunes, 66.
—	dunes planted, 82.
Toxic factors in soil, 52, 64.
Traffic, effect of, on plants, 53.
Transport of seeds, 49.
Travelling beaches, effect of Suasda on, 107. Tree, difference from herb, 48. Tsien-tang-Kiang, bore in, 24.
Typhoons, seasons in China Sea, 6.
U
Ulva, on salt marshes, 170.
—	contaminating Belfast Lough, 171.
 V
Vaucheria Thuretii, mud binder, 173. Vegetable groynes, 118.
Vegetation for mobile cliffs, 212, 213.
—	function of, 44, 52.
—	mechanical value of, 54.
—	on shingle, 97.
W
Wales, sand dunes, 66.
Wandering dunes, 65.
—	result of negligence, 70.
—	fixation of, 79, 80.
Warp, origin of, 165.
Warping at Axholme, »00.
—	method of, 121.
Warp land, crops on, 121.
Water in shingle beaches, 113.
Wave action, Bound Skerry, 9a.
—	on Chesil Bank, 91.
Waves, effects in Torquay Harbour of wave action, 34.
—	types of, 36.
—	effect of concussion and range of same, 38.
—	wave trap, effect of, 34.
—	force of impact on sea-walls, 149.
—	weight of rocks cast ashore, 150.
Willow, attempt to habituate to salt water,
215-
Winds, seasons of greatest disturbance, 6.
—	diagrams of average prevalence, 6.
—	extreme velocity of, 6.
—	relation between velocity and pressure, 7.
—	prevailing wind exposure, effect of, 151. Working models, desirable in designing plans
for estuarial waters, 24, 25.
 Y
Yarmouth, cause of absence of shoals, 19.
 z
Zinkstuldcen, 127.
Zostera, 168.
—	use in dune fixation, 80.
—	pioneer on soft mud, 195.
Zuider Zee, inundated, 84.