CJTOÄHblE nPEÆÎlOÎKEHM» C COI030M «TO ECTb»
47
    B CJIOaCHblX npeflJlOÄCHHHX C n0CTn03HTHBHbtM yTOHHeHHeM, B KOTOpbtX CTepHC-HeBbre cjiOBa-MecTOHMeHHH He CBsnaHbi c npeabwyiuHM kohtckctom h, cjieao-BarejibHO, BbinojiHjiioT jiHiub o^Hy CHmaKCHHecKyio (})y hkumo, yTOHHflioina« nacTb »B^aeTCfl He cj)aKyjibT3THBHOH, a, HaoöopoT, HeoôxoÆHMOH.
    CoôpaHHbiH HäMH MaTepnaji cBHaeTejibCTByeT o tom, hto b cjiokhmx npea-JlOHCeHHHX C HHTepn03HTHBHbIM yTOHHeHHeM C B0306n0BJieHHeM KaKOrO-JlHÖO Bbic-Ka3biBaHHH H3 npe/nuecTBy romero KOHTeKCTa ynoTpe6jiaeTCfl, KaK npaBHJio, cok)3 mo ecnib. ynoTpe6jieHHe coK)3a mo ecmb o6ycjioBjieHo TeM, hto yTOHHHeMbte cjioBa, npn Bceii otbjichchhocth hx 3HaneHHH bhc aaHHoro KOHTeKCTa, Hanojinenbi 3aecb BnojiHe onpe/iejiemibiM coflep'/KanneM, ôjiaroflapa hx cbh3H c npeamecTByio-
UJHM KOHTeKCTOM.
    Ko BTopoH noarpynne cJioacHbix npeanoaccHUH c yTOHHHCMbiMH cjioBaMH,
yKa3bIBaK)IHHMH Ha CBH3b C npeflUieCTByiOUÍHM KOHTeKCTOM, OTHOCHTCH CJIOÎKHbie npefljio)KeHHfl, b KOTopbix yTOHHaeMbte cjioBa cbohm 3naHeHHCM npoTHBonocTaBJisnoT yTOHH»K)myK> nacTb neMy-TO CKa3anHOMy panbLue. B 3thx cjiojkhhx npeAnoacenHsix b yTOHHfleMbix cjioBoconeTaHHflx coAep^aTca npHJiaraTejibHbie THna oñpamnbiü, npomuemiü, npomueonoAoOKnviü h t. fl., HanpHMep: «üpH oópanioM cootiioiuciihh, t. e. ecjiH (JjopMa npoiueainero BpeMeHH b rjiaBHcii HacTH, HMeiomaa aopHCTHHecKoe 3HaneHHe .. ., c0np0B0*xiaeTCH b npnaaTOHHOH nacTH (¡lopMoñ npouieaiuero co-BepujeHHoro c nep(J)eKTHbiM 3HaneHHeM, .neikTBHe rjiaBHOH nacTH, tjjaKTHnecKH cjieüya 3a aeñcTBHeM npnaaTOHHOH, OKa3biBaeTca oflHOBpeMeHHbiM .. .» (H. C. riocnejioB, O pa3.imunx e cmpyxmype cAOMCHonoduuHemioao npeÒA03tccnun, «MccneaoBaHHH no CHHTaKCHcy pyccKoro jiHTepaTypHoro H3biKa», H3Æ. AH CCCP, M., 1956, cTp. 58); «B fipothbhom ciiynae, t. e. ecjiH 6br peayuHpoBaHHbre hc-He3JiH b H3biKe, b OKOHHaHHH TBopHTejibHoro naaewa 6bWH 6bi rjiacHbre one . ..» ( B. H C h a o p o B, PedyuupoeaHHbie ZAacHbie 'bube dpemepyccKOM H3biKe, «Tpy^bi MucTHTyTa H3brK03HaHHH», t. II, M., 1953). B npejuiowenHsix 3TOH noflrpynnbt ynoTpe6ii5ieTCH KaK cok>3 mo ecmb, TaK h cok>3 a uMemo, ripn-HCM bo Bcex cjiynasx B03M0HCHa 3aMeHa o/woro coio3a apyruM. Cp. bo3mo5k-HocTb 3aMeHbi coio3a mo ecmb cok>30m a uMemio b iipuBCACHHbix npHMepax h B03MO)KHOCTi> 3aMenbi coum a uMeHHo C0I030M mo ecmb b cjieflyiomeM npHMepe: «TeppHTopHH OTfleubHbrx TOMOB flOjnKHbr CbiTb BbruejieHbi TaKHM o6pa30M: a) HToßbl H3BeCTHbie HaM rpaHHUbt OTflejIbHblX HBJTCHHH . . . HJ1H rpaHHUbl OT/ieJlbHbfX THnoB roBopoB He coBnaaajiH c rpaHHuaMH OT/iejibHbtx «KBaixpaTOB» ..., TaK KaK b npoTHBiioM c.iynae, a hmchho, (t. e.) ecjiH «biKOBbr; rpaHHUbt coBnaayT c rpaHHuaMH KBaapaTOB, mh mojkcm ynycTHTb peajibubrj cymecTBytoutHe 5i3biKOBbtí rpaHHUbl .. .» ( P. M. A b a h e c o b, Ovepru pyccKoü tuiJienmoAonm, h. I, Yh-nejirH3, 1949, CTp. 307).
    B3aHM03aMeHa c0K)30b 3flecb o6ycjioBJieHa TeM, hto b sthx npeajioKeHHHX, b OTJiHHHe OT npenJioHceHHH npeauiecTByiomeñ no/xrpynnbt, o6o3naHenHoe yTOHHsi-kjuihm npe/iJio'/iceHHeM coaepxaHHe He B0306H0BJifleTCfl H3 npe/xxuecTByiomero KOHTeKCTa, a JiHiub npoTHBonocTaBJiaeTCH HiMy-TO CK33aHHOMy panbuie. He3na-HHTCjibHaH cTeneHb onpeaejieHHOCTH coaepacanna yTOHHsteMbtx cjiob aaeT 3/iecb B03M05KH0CTb ynOTpeÖJIHTb COK)3 fl UMCHHO. BaarOaap« >KC 3HaHeHHK> npOTHBO-nojio>KHOCTH yTOHHHCMMx cjiob, hx coaepjKaHHe flOBOJibHO jierKO noACKasbrBaercH npeflUieCTByHDUXHM KOHTeKCTOM, Il STO JjaeT D03M0>KH0CTb ynOTpeÔJlHTb B T3KHX npefljio}KeHHHX C0103 mo ecmb. Ho h npH B03M05Kfi0CTH B33HM03aMeHbt Ka*flbiö