224
A. EAH
MarKOCTt ry6Hbix corjiacHbix nepe/i mhtkhmh ry6HbiMH corjiacHHMH He ripe/icrau-JlHeT C060ÍÍ KOHCTaHTHOTO OTHOUIiHHH B 3TOH HSCTH KOHCOHaHTH3Ma pyCCKOrO a3biKa. Ho Me^JieHHblí xevin yTpaTbt accHMHJiauHH ry6nM< coniacHbK no Mar-KOCTH, nOBHAHMOMy, oGljaCHaeTCa apTHKyjiaUHOHHOH 6jIH30CTbK> flaHHblX COHe-raeMbu 3ByKOB, y kotopmx OTTeHonHoe CMarH2HHe b óojibuiHHCTBe cjiynaeB hocht KoapTHKyjiHUHonHbiH xapaKTep. CaM npouecc yTpaTbi üaHHoro aBJieHHa, Kaic 06 3TOM rOBOpHJIOCb BblUie, 6e3yCJIOBHO HajlHUO. iJejTO B TOM, OÜHaKO, HTO TpyaHO ycTaHOBHTb KaKne-TO oco6bi; 3aKOHOMepHOCTH OTHOCHTejibHO c([)epbt 6brroBann5i MHrKOCTH ryÓHbt í corjiaciibu b stom nono>KeHHH h HanpaBjieHHH npouecca yTpaTbi
ee.	PIpaB^a h to, hto CTpyKTypHbi: oco6chhocth eoneTaeMOCTH ryÓHbix corjiacHbix C MSIPKHMH ryGHblMH COrjiaCHM vIH OrpaHHHHJlH HailIH B03M05KH0CTH B npoBeaeHHH BcecToponHero Hccjie^OBanna c yneTOM onpeAejieHHbrx (J)aKTopoB (JjotieTHHecKoro, Mop<[)Oj]on¡iiecKoro 11 jieRcunecKoro xapaKTepa. K sthm CTpyKTypHbi.vi Tpyanoc rxM MO>KHO npHHHCJIHTb: MaJIOnpOAyKTHBHOCTb COHCTaHHa flaHHOrO THna; H TO, HTO O/IHH COHeTaHHa BCTpenaiOTCH HCKJlíO’ÍMTejIbHO HJIH TJiaBHbtVl 06pa30M Ha CTbIKe Kopua h npetJ)HKca hjih Ha cTbi.<e npeflJiora h 3HaMeHaTejibHoro cjioBa, HaHHHaio-meroca c OAHoro H3 Mancnx ry6übU corjiacHbix (HanpnMep, [b + b’J, [cJj + (J)’], [(J) + n’J, [b -f- 6’]),^pyrne ace noanjiEioTCH TOJibKO bo BnyTpnM0p(})eMH0M nojio-iKeHHH (HanpnMep, [m + 6’], [m + n’], [m + ({)’]); a TaKace to, hto oahh coneTaHHa b GojibnjHHCTBc cjiyHacB 6biselo r nanajibHbiMH (KaK: [b + 6’], [b + m’], fcjj + n’], [b -f b’], Apyine 06WHH0 BCTpe'iaiorea b cepcaHHe hjih Ha KOHue cjioBa (KaK: [m + + 6’], [m + n’], [m + (j)’], [(¡j + m’]); h, Hafconen, onpe^eJieHHbra coHerauMa /ian-Horo THna 6biryioT TOJibKO b cjioBax HHoa3biiHoro npoHcxoac/ieHHa, hjih ohh orpa-HHHeHbl y3KHM KpyTOM TCpMHHOJIOrHHCCKOH JIOKCHKH.
    B HeKOTopoíí Mepe HaM yflajiocb noflTBepflHTb ywe mBecTHyio Mbtcjib o tom, hto na CTbue Kopua h npeflKopHeBbix Mop(|)CM h, b 6ojibiueH Mepe, Ha CTbiKe npe/i-Jiora h 3naMeHaTejibHoro cjioBa accHMHJiaTHBHoe bjihhhhc corjiacHbix no CTeneHH MarKocTH cjiaGee, neM b flpyrnx nojio>KeHHaxx. K 3TOMy mh mojkcm /ioGhbhtl to, hto cTenenb peryjinpyiomíro bjih3hhh onpeaejieHHbix MopcJjojiorHHecKHX ctmkob 3aBHCHT h ot cnocoóa 06pa30BaHHa coneTaeMbix 3ByK0B: cj)pHKaTHBKbie corjiacHbie 6ojiee cnoco6Hbi k OTTeHOHHOMy CMarneHHK) Ha npe,iucopHeBbix CTbiKax, neM B3pbiB-Hble (y 3y6HbIX eorjiaCHblX 3TO pa3JIHHHe MOKÍiy (JipMKaTMBl bl.VlH H B3pbIBHbIMH npofiBjiaeTca 6ojiee peryjiapHo).
    B HayHHOH JiHTepaType Ha6jKuaeTca TeH^eHuna jiejiaTb HajiHHHe hjih OTcyT-cTBue y/iapiioro [e] nepea .naHKbiM corjiaci biM ycjioBneM HajiKHHa hjih oTeyTeTBHa OTTeHOHHoro CMarneHHa 3Toro corjiacHoro b tom CMbieJie, hto nocjie yaapHoro [e] corjiacHbie nauíe, HeM nccjie jipyrHX rjiacnbix, cMarnaiOTca noji BJinaHHeM nocjie^} lomero MarKoro corjir.cHoro2. B hóuícm MaTepnajie KanecTBo riperbiziy-
    1 Cm. P. KomyTHÜ, yxaiamtas paóorr.a, CTp. 165; rpaMMamuxa pyccxoeo nibiKa, M3A- AH CCCP, t. I. M., 1960, CTp. 78; A. H. T b o 3 fl e b, CoepeMeHHbiü pyccKuít H3bix. <Pone-nuiKa u Moptfionoíu.H, M., 1961, CTp. 80; P. M. A b a h e c u b, Pyccxoe mmepamypuoe npou3H(>-weHiie, CTp. 79.
      : Cm. H. K. T poT, yKa3annai paóotra, CTp. 141; A. A. IIIaxMaTOB, yKa3aHHan paóoma crp. 141; A. A. III a x m a t o b, yxa3aHHa.i paóorr.a, CTp. 112; P. M. A b a h e c o b, Pyccxoe, AumepamypoeH npou3HOiuenue, CTp. 91.