(cy6teKTHBnoe pa30Hapc>BaHMe oh HHKoma He npeoaoneji), He Toma, Korzia nojiHTHnecKHe ero B3rnH,ai>i CTajiH nepe/ioBbiMH (ohh yxce aaBHo h 6buiH nepcaoBbiMH), a Tor^a, noma oh ycBOHji HTajibHHCKyio OKTaBy h ee jiencHii, uiyTJiHBbiH, npoHHHecKnft toh » (cTp. 385).
     OopMajibHocTb TaKoro no/ixo/ia necoMnenna. Hmchho OHa h iiphboaht k TOMy, ito ycTa-HOBJieHHbie HCCJieflOBaTejieM <j>aicTbi 0CTai0TCH jrnrab (JjaKTaMH, OTAenbHbiMH h nacTO cjiyHaii-HbiMH, h He n03B0JiflK)T eMy cnexiaTb 6ouee my6oKHX o6o6meHHii. JlHinb nocTaHOBKa Bonpoca
0	MHp0B033peHHH HHCaTejIH H ero xy^OMCeCTBeHHOM MeTOac flaeT B03M05KH0CTb T.nyÒOKO H BepHO BCKpwTb CMbicji h CBoeo6pa3He ero TBopiecTBa. ripn cpaBHeHHH TBopnecKoro Hacjie/iH5i nywKHHa h BaRpoHa Talea» nocTaHOBKa Bonpoca hbahctch kjhohom k pemeHHK) npo6jieMbi, TaK KaK n03B0-/iaeT hpko noKa3aTb He TOJibKO bjihìhihc aHrniiHCKoro noaTa Ha nyiHKHHa Ha onpeaeJieHHOM 3Tane TBopnecTBa noc/iefluero (nepaoa kdkhoh ccmjikh), ho h orreHHTb CBoeo6pa3He 3pejroro TBopnecTBa pyccKoro nosTa, noìBOiiaeT noflHepKHyTb Be.nHHHe EafipoHa KaK Kpyrmeilmero poMaH-THKa MnpoBoii HHTepaTypbi h pacKpbiTb peann3M 3pejioro riyuiKHHa KaK HOBoe cjiobo, CKa3aHHoe pyccKHM n03T0M, KaK ero BKJian b pa3BHTHe 3toh jiHTepaiypbi.
     EcJIH B. BHKepH, T3KHM 0Ópa30M, HCXOflHT H3 npHMO ZieKJiapHpOBaHHOrO OTpHUaHHH 3na4eHHH couHajibHO-HfleoJiorHMecKoro <()aKTopa b TBopnecTBe riHcaTexia, to apyroB aMepHKaii-ckhìì yneubifi, J1>koh Mepcpo, aBTop pa6oTbi o JlepMOHTOBe h Bajibiaxe ’, KaK Ka*eTCH, noHHMaeT HeMajroBaiKHoe THaMcnne stoto (JiaKTopa. rioAHepKHBaa b iianajie pa6oTbi Mbicjib o rJiy60K0M pa3J!HHHH Me*/iy JlepMOHTOBblM H Eajlb3aKOM KaK pOMaHHCTaMH, OH BH.3HT ero B MHP0B03-3peHHH riHcaTe/ieft, b Kpyre flBjienHÌi aeftcTBHTenbHOCTH, HaxoiWiiiHX oTpa*eHHe b hx npoH3Be-AeHHux. yflaiHa h ero Mbicjib o tom, mto ochoboB cxoncTBa hx np0H3BeaeHHH ciiyjKHT npoft-^eHHbiii o6ohmh nyTb ot poMaHTH3Ma k peajiH3My.
     OflHaKO HccneaoBaTenb He KJiaaeT b 0CH0By cbocìì pa6oTbi sto HaH6ojiee nJio,aoTBopHoe, KaK HaM Ka*cTca, Ha6.itoaeiiHe. Ero yBjieKaer coBiiaaeHHe OT/iejibHbix mothbob, xapaKTepoB nepcona*eft h xyflo*ecTBeHHbix npneMOB y Eajib3aKa h JlepMOHTOBa.
     ripa 3tom HeKOTopbie Ha6jiio,neHHn (Hanp., o6mne mothbm b nepewHBaHHHX khhjkhw Mepn H repOHHH « TpHauaTHJieTHeft «CHUlHUbt », CM. CTp. 239) OKa3bIBaiOTCH BepHbIMH H MeTKHMH, OTae.Tbiibie conoCTaBJieHH» (nanp., onHcaHHe riapH)Ka Eanb3aKOM h Mockbm b « riaHopaine Mockbw » JlepMOHTOBa, CTp. 253) HecoMHeHHO y6e*jiaioT. OflnaKO He mojkct He ópocHTbca b rnasa, hto aBTop HenpaBOMepHo pacuinpaeT nepTbi cxoacTBa Me*ay rracaTejiaMH. HaH6oJiee ouiH6oHHoft b aaHHOM CJiynae OKa ibiBaeTca nonbiTKa JJ,. Mepcpo aoKasaTb cxoacTBO xapaKTepoB HeKOTopux ochobhhx repoeB Bajrb3aKa h JlepMOHTOBa. ripu stom HCCJiexiOBaTenb necnpaBe/yiHBo npHnHCbmaeT, HanpHMep, nenopHHy CKjTOHHOCTb k « MopanbHOMy KOMnpoMuccy », a xapaKTepHoft nepToii BaneHTHHa Paijiasnti CHHTaeT « paBHoayuiHe k o6meMy 6nary ». Ho aaace h OT/icabHbie MOMeHTbi, Kor.ua noBeaeiiHe h ayuieBHoe cocToaHHe nenopHHa h PacJiasjiH hjih PacTHHbaKa b caMOM nejie coBnaaaioT, ayMaeTCH, hhk3k hc otiot bo3mo*hocth cepbe3H0 roBopHTb o cxoìictbc xapaKTepoB sthx repoeB. HanpoTHB, KOHCTaTauHH sthx OTflejibHbix coBnajieHHii HenpeMeHHO flOJTJKHa c0np0B0*jjarbCH yTBepiKaeHHeM Toro HecoMHeHHoro <t>aKTa, hto b ochoshom sto pa3Hbie repoH, coBepuieHHO pa3JiHHHbie THtibi. HccneziOBaTeJib ecTecTBeHHO caejiaji 6bi TaKofl BbiBoa, ecjiH 6w oh o6paTMJi BHHMaHHe ne Ha oxaeJibHbie, BbipBaHHbie H3 KOHTeKCTa MepTbi repoeB, a Ha hx ue^bHbiit o6jihk, He Ha BTopocTeneHHoe, a Ha rnaBnoe, cymecTBeHHoe b hhx. Ho nocjieuHee 6bijio 6bi bosmoìkho b tom cjrynae, ecjm 6w oh nocraBHn Bottpoc 06 ycjioBHHx, co3flaBuiHX sth THnbi, h hcxohhji H3 rjiy6oKoro aHajiH3a h npaBH.'ibnoro noHKManH» coima-TbHoft cymHoc™ flByx B neM-TO CXOHHblX, HO pa3JlHMHblX B OCHOSHOM 9nOX — 6yp*ya3HOft <t>paHUHH 30-X rr. H flBOpflHCKO-noMemHHbcfi Pocchh Toro 7Ke nepHOna.
     HrnopHpoBanHe sthx Baw:iieiiuiHx (jiaKropoB, CHH5KaeT, c Hauieii tohkh 3peHHH, HayHHyio ueHHOCTb HHTepecHoro b OTiienbHbix cbohx nacTHx HCcneflOBaHKH /l*. Mepcpo- Ho caM (J)aKT nocTaHOBKh TaKoft TeMbi (KaK 6bi hh napaaoKcajibHo 3Bynana OHa Ha nepBbiH B3rJiafl) mo*ho TOJIbKO npHBeTCTBOBaTb.
E. JlOrHHOBCKAft
    Kuio M. KUEV KbM ebnpoca 3a HauaAomo Ha cjiaenHCKama nucMenocm [hi legatura cu problema inceputului scrierii slave], Sofia, 1960, 108 p. Extras din «rOAHUIHHK Ha C0(})HHCKHH YHHBepCHTeT », tom Vili, 1960.
Izvoarele pe care le poate studia cercetàtorul pentru a alcàtui o imagine cìt mai com-plctS a vie^ii opcrei fra(ilor Chirii si Metodie sint extrem de variate, atit prin continut,
       1 J. Mersereau, Lermontov and tìalzac. American contributions to thè fifth International congres» of slavists, Sofìa, 1963.
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