HEP3H.JI.HHy O PycCKOft JlHTHPATyPE
281
npomjioro h HacToamero ckjiohhm BH,neTb b ffe.uone, b nepByio onepeAb, (Jjhjio-co(jjCKyio no3My, npH3BaHHyio no-HOBOMy HHTepnpeTHpoBaTb 6opb6y MeacAy A06p0M H 3JIOM. M6p3HJIHHy, nO-BHAHMOMy HTHOpHpya 3TH HHTepnpeTaHHio, HO B to ace BpeMH nopaacaacb cxoactbom c JlwnafopoM h, c Apyroñ ctopohbi, 6yziynn yóeacAeHHblM, hto fíeMon — sto «caM JlepMOHTOB», OTMenaeT flpyrne Baaciibie 'lepTbi 6ojiee o6o6maioii(ero xapaKTepa:
    «MHe paccKa3aji oflHaacAM Kpynubiíí nncaTejib, apyr SwMHecKy, o 3aMbicAe Jlwuafopa. He 3Haio, b KaKoñ Mepe ero paccica3 npaBAHB, ho ecjiH sto npaBAa, to OHa CBHAeTejibCTByeT o bmcokhx AyxoBHbix KanecTBax Harnero no3Ta. M bot: naac H3 JIioHatf)3pa aKo6bi 6biJi 6bl jiaKeeM, K3T3JiHHa — AaMoñ H3 Bbicmero CBeTa, K0T0paa0TKa3ajia 3MHHecKy (y xoToporo c neu Gbijih hhcto njiaTOHHHecKHe otho-meHHa), ho He OTKa3ajia JiaKeio. H hto H3BjieK h3 stoto SMHHecicy!
    TaK ace h JlepMOHTOB — HCTopna HHine, He ocjioacHaeTca hhhcm — b fleMone, roBopaT, oh onncaji cboio JiioSoBb b aboiopoahoh cecTpe h co6cTBeiiHyio Ayuiy, ropAyio, HenpeKjioHHyio, BcerAa HeyAOBJieTBopeHHyio ...»
    Kaic 6mjio CKa3aHO Bbluie, 3Ta HHTepnpeTaHHa hocht 6ojiee o6o6uíeHHbrii xapaKTep, nodcojibicy OHa hcxoaht H3 npeAnojiaraeMoñ KOHCTaTauHH, hto b JJeMoiie TpaKTyeTca H3 BeHHaa poMaHTHHecKaa TeMa HenoHaToro reHHa ... B KaacAOM hobom BapnanTC OHa 3ByHHT Huane (imane y BaiípoHa, y Bhhbh, y JlepMOHTOBa, y 3mh-HecKy), ho b eyuíHOCTH ocTaeTca toh ace ... H eme CKOjn>KHx iiostob OHa 6yAer HCKyuiaTb!
    H ecjiH, b cjiy»iae JJeMona, HOBaa HHTepnpeTau,Ha 6blJia noACKa3aHa H6p3H-JiaHy cpaBHeHHeM c JlwvafapoM, Apyrwe ero BbiCKa3blBaHHa, MoaceT 6brrb 6ojiee opHTHHajibHbie, KaacyTca npocTMMH 3aMeTKaMH Ha KHHacHbtx nojiax. Ho KaKaa TOHKOCTb! H TJiaBHOe, — KaKaa TOHHOCTb JiaKOHHHeCKHX xapaKTepHCTHK, B KOTOpbtX CKOHIjeHTpHpOBaHO OCHOBHOe KaK B a(J)OpH3MaX. npHMepOM MoaceT CJiyaCHTb onepK o TypreHeBe x. Bo3Bpamaacb k BbicKa3MBaHHaM, H3JioaceHHblM b peueii3HH Ha BeuiHue eodbi2, M6p3HJiaHy hx OTTaHHBaeT c noMombio HcoioHHTejibHO tohhhx cpaBHeHHH:
    «TypreHeB «BJiaeTca tohkhm h Ha6jiK>AaTenbHWM aHajiHTHKOM h b to ace BpeMa OAHHM H3 BejIHMaiÍHIHX JlHpHlieCKHX nOSTOB.»
    «... 3to HHTejiJiHreHT, MMCJiHTeJH,, 3aHaTbiH o6ll(hmh HAeaMH CBoero BpeMeHH, h Bce-TaKH ero JiHTepaTypHoe MacTepcTBO He HMeeT HHiero oómero c AHeKypeHBHO-neAarorHHecKoñ MaHepoñ rtojia Bypace.»
    «Ero CTHJib jiHiueH TpeneTa ^OAe hjih nepeHacbimeHHOCTH KpacoK hjih orreH-kob FOHKypa.»
    «nepeAOBOH b hachx, oh Bce ace AaJieK ot KaKoií 6bi to hh 6mjio ACMOKpaTH-HecKOH HeoÓTecaHHOCTH, apHCTOKpaT b MyBCTBax, oh AajieK ot CTpeMJieHHa k hckjho-HHTejibHocTH hoao6ho BHñepy Ae Hji-AAaM; b Bbicuieñ cTeneHH HyBCTBHTCJibHbrH k «BeHHOÍÍ aceHCTBeHHOCTH», OH AaJieK OT 3(f)HMHHH3Ma, KaK H OT HyBCTBeHHOCTH».
    B 3apy6eacHoií KpHTHiecKoií JiHTepaType, Aaace y (j)paHHy3CKHX KOMMeHTa-TOpOB, TpyAHO H3HTH xapaKTepHCTHKH, B KOTOpMX 6bl TaK TOHHO 06pHC0BblBaJICa xyAoacecTBeHHbtií npo<j)HJib TypreHeBa. H onaTb-TaKH Hejib3a paccMarpHBaTb
1	Pe marginea cárfilor.— Turgheniev, «Via^a Románeascá», 1920, JNs 12, CTp. 284—285.
     2	Pagini álese, tom 1, CTp. 221—231.