274
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CTpa/iaHHflM, Ha^eac^aM c CHMnaraeìi hjih aHranaTHeii, c cocTpaaaHHeM hjih c jiioGoBbio, hjih c 6e3pa3JiHHHeM (h 3to TO)Ke oTHouieHHe: paBHoayuiHe)?»1 Bojiee noKa3aTejibHa ccbiJiKa Ha JleoHH.ua AH/ipeeBa: «npeacTaBtTe ce6e nHcaTejia, KOTopbrii reHnajibHO h c CHMnaTHeìi k 5KaH,aapMaM, onnebiBaeT cueHbi HCTH3aHHH, KOTopwe nacTO HMeioT MecTO b TenepeuiHeii Pocchh 2, h CKawHTe: BaM 6e3pa3-jihhhb «Mopajib HCKyccTBa»? Bbi HHTajiH KpacHbiu cMex. JI. AHjpeeBa? npe/iCTaBbTe ce6e, hto bmccto cTpaxa h cocTpaaaHHa, kotopmmh oxBaneH nncaTeiib npn BHzie xecTOKHx HCTJi3aHHH pyccKHX cojiflaT h 6e3yMHH ijoKTopa h repoa, oh 6y.neT Hcnbi-TbiBaTb caTaHHHCKoe 6jia>KeHCTBO ot CTpaaaHHÌi h pasBjieKaTbca 3a cieT cyMac-uieauiHX, h CKaacHTe: BaM HeT aena jxo «MopaJiH b ncKyccTBe?» 3
    MoaceM c nojiHblM npaBOM npeanojioacHTb, hto M6p3HjiHny H3ynaji MHorne CTopoHbi pyccKoii aeiicTBHTeJibHOCTH. He 3Haa pyccKoro asbiKa (oh ri poemi CTepe nepeBecTH tckct H3 TojiCToro), oh oiiHaKO 5K c yBepeHHOCTbK> oTMenaeT b Tlpo-ÓAeMe Aumepamypnozo H3biKa: «PyMbiHCKHÌi a3blK b OTJTHHne ot He.vieuKoro, pyccKoro hjih BeHrepcKoro, c 6ojibuiHM TpyaoM C03,aaBaa ejioBa Ha 6a3e co6cTBeHHbix pecyp-cob, ecTecTBeHHO, flOJiaceH nonojiHaTbca 3a eneT He0Ji0rH3M0B» 4. TaKHM 06pa30M, no KpaHueii Mepe TeoperanecKH, M6p3HJiaHy HMen npeacTaBJieHHe 06 ocoSeHHo-cthx cTpyKTypbi pyccKoro a3blKa.
    B Kpyr HHTepeeoB pyMWHCKoro KpHTHKa cjieziyeT BKJiioHHTb h ero HacToa-TejibHoe CTpeMjieHHe yjioBHTb h onpe^ejiHTb HannoHaJibiiyK) cneu,H<j)HKy pyccKOH jiHTepaTypbi. HeeoMHeHHO, sto eTaHOBHTea noHaTHMM, eejiH HMeTb b BH/iy h HHTepec, npoaBJiaeMbiH M6p3HJiaHy k npo6jieMe HauHOHajibHOH cneuHijjHKH jih-TepaTypbi B006ine. Abtop CTOJib oócToaTejibHbi HccjieuoBaHHH 0 HaiiHOHaJib-Hoii cneuH(}jHKe pyMMHCKOH jiHTepaTypu, ecTecTBeHHO, flOJiaceH c 3toh tohkh 3peHHa yqHTbiBaTb h TBopeHHa #pyrnx HapoflOB. B cTaTtax M6p3HJiany Ha-xo^hm MHoroHHCJieHHbie TOHKHe Ha6jiio/ieHHfl, Racaiomneca .ayxa <jDpaHiiy3CK0H jiHTepaTypH h 0C06eHH0CTeH aHrjiHHCKOÌi JiHTepaTypbi; ho, KaweTca, Bce-TaKH Gojiee MHoroHHCJieHHbi ero paccy>K,iieHHa o tom, hto aBJiaeTca «pyccKHM». 3to MoaceT noKa3aTbca CTpaHHbiM, ho y H6p3HJiaHy 3aMenaHHa iio/ioGhoto po/ia BCTpe-naiOTca name, hcm y Tepa. A-™ nocjie/mero pyecKaa jiHTepaTypa 6biJia hcm-to cbohm, 6jih3khm. Beflb oh npHineji orryfla. IlosTOMy, paccica3biBaa pyMbiHCKoii ny6jiHKe o pyccKoii JiHTepaType, oh npe^noHHTaeT ee o6tacHaTb aaace HecKOJibKo 3H/jaKTHHeCKH. M6p3HJiflHy ace OTKpbiBaeT pyccKyio JiHTepaTypy KaK hobmìì, y/in-BHTejibHbiH, napyioinHH KOHTHHeHT, »ejiaa npoHHKHyTb b ee TaìtHM 5. riosTOMy ero onpeAeJieHHa, aaace cjiynaHHbie, aBjiaioTca y6e,o,HTejib hmmh, bosmoìkho h 6jiaroflapa hx jiaK0HH3My. HanpHMep, Tojictoh onpeaejiaeTca, b nepByio oHepe,nb, KaK pyccKHii nHcaTejib, n0T0My hto b hcm «roBopHT ayiiia pyccKoro no3Ta. Ero
      1	Tom 3ice, CTp. 135.
      2	1906 roff.
      3	yKa3au. ind., tom 1, CTp. 141.
     4	G. Ibràileanu, Studii literare, EyxapecT, 1957, CTp. 59.
      6	Han6ojiee mctko H3jio*eHa 3Ta Mbicjib b CTaTbe, HarracaHHOH no cjiyHaro CMepTH Tojictoto («Via^a Romàneascà», 1910, 11, CTp. 292—298: «KaK Mor noaBHibca b Pocchh Tojictoìì?» M aajiee o6o6maa: «Pocchh, KpoMe poMaHa, He co3jjana HHnero apyroro Ha ypoBHe eBponeHCKoii jiHTepaTypbi. KaK sto oobacHHTb? rioMeMy cpeuH boctohhwx CTpaH hmchho oHa, a He mm, 6ojirapw, cep6w, TypKH, rpeKH h t. a.“!» H xots npeflnojio>KeHHa M6p3HJi»Hy ya3BHMbi, caMa nocTaHOBKa Bonpoca ripHMeMaTejibua.