HEP3MJLHHy O PyCCKOÍÍ J1HTEPATYPE
277
ítaCT KpHTHK, — HTO aHTJlMMCKMH II pyCCKHH pOMaH — /I'A'OpA/K SjIHOT H TOJI-CTOH — o6a3ailbI CBOHM COBepmeHCTBOM, ZAyÓUHOÜ OKU3HU, HMeHHO 3TOMy MHpO-B033peHHK>. KaKHM 6bl HH 6bíjl BeJIHKHM xyflOJKHHKOM <X>JI06ep (KOHeMHO, CTOJIb ace BeuHKHM, KaK h flacopaac 3jihot), oh bo MHoroM ycTynaeT flacopflacy SjiHOTy h 0C06eHH0 TojicTOMy H3-3a cBoero MHp0B033peHHa»1. KaaceTca, hto BWuie-H3JTO>KeHHaH MbICJIb KOHTH nOCTOaHHO npHCyTCTByeT B KpHTHHeCKOH CHCTeMe H6p3HJiaHy, nocKOJiLKy oh BoaBpamxcfl k Heñ h no3ace b CTaTbe, HanncaHUOH no cjiynaio CMepTH ToMaca XapflH, r^e oh yTBepacaaeT, hto «nocjie >KH/ja HacTOHiUHÍí poMaH cjieuyeT HCKaTb He bo <J>paHUHH, a b Ahtjihh h Pocchh» 2.
    BbimenpHBe/iemibie npHMepbi, n03B0Jiai0T HaM, nojiaraio, npn/nn k npefl-BapHTejn>HOMy BbiBoay o tom, hto ccmjikh H6p3HJiaHy Ha pyccKyio jiHTepaxypy 6onee TecHO CBasanH c jiHTepaTypHblM aHajiH30M, neM y Tepa. Ilocjie/iHHM — aBTOp KOMneTeHTHHx CTaxeíi o pyccKHX aBTOpax, aHajiH3HpoBaji OAHaKO hx TBopnecTBO jiarnb b cbh3h c pyccKoií fleiícTBHTejibHOCTbio, H3BecTHOH eMy. Tepa ccbijiajica na pyccKyio jiHTepaTypy h b nejiax 060CH0BaHHa onpeflejieHHblx TeopeTMHecKnx nojioaceHHH, ho onaTb ace, He conocTaBjiaa pyccKne npHMepbi c flpyrHMH, a oGmhho BKJiiOHaa hx b paA flpyrax, KaK, HanpHMep, b cjiynae, ascaaceM, Korfla oh nmuex o KpecTbaHHHe b JiHTepaType. Moíkho 6mjio 6m CKa3aTb, hto «Jia Hero acneKXbi pyccKoñ jiHxepaxypM 6ujih cjihihkom 6jih3khmh, hto6bi oh Mor pa3JiHHHXb hx cneiiH(|)H-necKyio «TOHajibHOCTb». Hao6opoT, M6p3HjiaHy 6biJi nopaaceH hmchho stoh cnenn-4>HHecKoñ «TOHajibHOCTbK)», oneHb He noxoaceií Ha ronajibnocxb «eBponeHCKoñ» JiHTepaTypbi. IloaroMy ccmjikh M6p3HJiaHy CTOJibKO, CKOJibKO hx ecTb, Ha pyccKyio aeiícTBHTejibHOCTb BOo6me He noKa3axejibHbi, ya3BHMbi (Moacex 6blxb nosxoMy, no KpaHHeñ Mepe, BuanaJie oh He noHan ncTopHHecKoro 3HaneHHa BejiHKoñ OKTaópb-ckoh cou.HajracTH'-iecKOM peB0JiK>nnn); ho b to ace BpeMH napajijiejin, on;eHKH h JiHTepaTypHbie íiHccouHauHH, npnBOflHMbie M6p3HJiaHy, y6e,íiHTejibHbr h, jik>6o-IlblTHO OTMeTHTb, He TOJIbKO B OTHOUieHHH HIOaHCHpOBaHHa OIjeHOK, CKa>KCM, KacaiOLLtHxca pyMbiHCKoií JiHTepaTypbi, ho h noHHMamia neKOTopbix acneKTOB pyccKoro JiHTepaTypHoro nponecca KaK TaKOBoro.
    C 3TOH TOHKH 3peHHa MOaCHO npOHHTH pOBaTb HeCKOJlbKO KpaCHOpeHHBblX npHMepoB.
    KaaceTca, KaKoe cxoactbo moncho 6mjio 6bi nafÍTM Meacay nbijiKHM poM3HTH3-mom SMHHecKy h cnoKofÍHbiM, noHTH ojihmhhhckhm peajiH3M0M TypreHeBa? H Bce ace, oTTajiKHBaacb ot onpeacjieHHbix nepT TypreHeBCKoro TBopnecTBa, H6p3H-JiHHy y^HBHTejibHO hctko ziaex h onpeuejieHHe reHHa 3MiniecKy: «ÜBaH TypreHeB,
—	nnuieT kphthk, — stot, MoaceT 6blTb, BejiHHañniHH no3T HejiOBenecTBa b npo3e, — b tom MecTe, rae oumh H3 ero repoeB flocxmaex — BepuiHH MejiaH-xojihh, oSbaBjiaeT ce6a no6eac#eHHblM TpyzmocTbio aHajiH3a h, acejiaa no-Ka3aTb H3pe3 cjiobo rjiySnHy nyBCTBa, kotopmm oxBaneH ero nepcoHaac, roBopHT, hto TonbKo My3blKa Moacex ee Bbipa3HTb. 3MiinecKy mhoto pa3 npeoAOJiCBaJi 3Ty TpyaHocTb, peaJiH3ya HeB03MoacHoe» 3.
    Apyryio aHajiornHHyK) ccbiJiKy, npeflHa3HaHeHHyio TaKace flJia Toro hto6w flaTb HHTaTejiaM B03M0acH0CTb Jiynme noHaTb onpeuejienHblH acneKT TBopnecTBa
      1	Studii literare, CTp. 257.
      2	Studii literare, III iBflaHHe, ByxapecT, Cartea Romàneascà, CTp. 98.
      3	Mihail E min esca b Studii literare, ByxapecT, 1937, CTp. 99—100.