318
TATbÄHA HHKOJIECKy
8
pa3BHTHe pyccKOH JiHTepaTypbi b 20-bie rr. 19 b., b nepByio onepeflb, y PbiJieeBa, y riyiiiKHHa.
    OcBoeHHe pyccKOH JiHTepaTypbi b ee TeKymeM pa3BHTHH, JiHHHbie KOHTaKTU h B03M05KH0 h HeKOTopbie BHejiHTepaTypHbie apryMeHTbi npHBenH k pacnpocTpa-HeHHio, cpeflH ApyrHX, h TaKHx npoH3Be,aeiiHH, KOTopbie 6hjih jrameHbi no/uiHH-Horo 3HaneHHa, noflJiHHHbix xynoacecTBeHHbix æoctohhctb, KaK, HanpHMep, poMaH O. ByjirapHna Mean Bumcuzuh, OT^ejibHbie cohhhchhh CeHKOBCKoro h t. m. Ho, HecoMHeHHo, ne sth npoH3BeACHHH onpe^ejiajiH cyiKHocTb pyccKo-pyMbiH-CKHX JIHTepaTypHblX OTHOHieHHH Ha ®HHOM 3Tane. YHHTblBaa He TOJIbKO HHCJIO h 3HaneHHe nepeBOZiOB, ho npHHHMaa bo BHHMaHHe h otkjihkh noaBHBuiHeca b pyMbiHCKoä nenaTH Toro BpeMenn (3aMeTKH, HeGojibixiHe KpuTHweck'ue cTaTbH H T. fl.) MO)KHO CKa3aTb, HTO HeHTpajIbHOH, .HOMHHHpyiOmeH, <j)HrypOH fljia 3TOrO 3Tana aBjiaeTca IlymKHH1. Ejiaroflapa IlyxHKHHy h 5KyKOBCKOMy pyMbiHCKHir HHTaTejib BoenpHHHMaex pyccxyio JiHTeparypy, b nepByio OMepezib, b eë cthxot-BOpHblX flOCTH5KeHHaX, HTO COOTBeTCTBOBaJIO nO/IJIHHHOH KapTHHe pa3BHTHa pyc-ckoh JiHTepaTypbi b nepBbie aecaTHJieTHa 19 b., Kor.ua no33Ha 3aHHMaeT, HecoM-HeHHO, maBeHCTByiomee MecTO. CjieayiomHH 3Tan, BO3HHKH0BeHHa h B03MyxcaHHH npo3bi, BnjioTb flo ee TopacecTBa b npoH3BeaeHHax Torojia h npecTaBHTejieü «HaTypajibHoä niKOJibi» ocTajica b nepBOH nojioBHHe 19 b. BHe BHHMaHHa h HHTepeca pyMbiHCKHX nacaTejieñ h nepeBOflHHKOB.
    Bblöop pyMbiHCKHX nepeBOflHHKOB ÖblJI npOflHKTOBaH He TOJIbKO HX JIHHHbIMH BKycaMH (xoTa TaKOBbie HecoMHeHHo CbirpanH cboio pojib), ho h paaoM HacymHbix 3aaan h xapaKTepHbix HanpaBJieHHÌi pyMbiHCKOH JiHTepaTypbi Toro BpeMeHH, ko-Topaa npoaBnajia HecoMHeHHyio Tary k poMaHTH3My. BonjiomeHHe xyaoacecTBeH-Hbix M/ïeajioB 3Toro TeneiiHH OHa Morjia HaÖTH He tojibko b TBopnecTBe (j)paHuy3-ckhx n03T0B, KaK, HanpHMep, JlaMapTHH, hohb npoH3BeaeHHax )KyKOBCKoro h b 0C06eHH0CTH Mojiofloro rfyniKHHa1.
    CaMo pa3BHTHe pyMbracKoii jiHTepaiypbi b nepBoii nojioBHHe 19 b. ocBaHBato-meñ b ocoöchhocth oöjiacTb nosTHHecKoro TBopnecTBa, HanpaBjiajio BHHMaHHe npH 3HaKOMCTBe c jiHTepaTypHbiMH fl0CTH*eHH5iMH apyriix HapoAOB k cthxo-
TBOpHblM npoH3BeaeHHaM.
    ApryMCHTOM,- KOTopbiM He cjieayeT npeHe6peraTb, aBHjrocb h BHHMaHHe y/iejia-eMoe MHOTHMH 3anaflHoeBponeücKHMH nncaTejiaMH, a TaK»ce nepnoflHHecKHMH H3flaHHaMH ((|)paHuy3CKHMH, HeMeHKHMH) pyccKoii no33HH h ee maBHOMy npeA-CTaBHTejIK), riyiHKHHy2.
IïofliepKHyTbiH HHTepec k acaHpy öacHH, saMenibiH y pa^a KpynHbix pyMbiHCKHX nncaTejieH nepBoii nojiOBHHbi 19 b., TaKHx KaK Tpnrope AjieKcaiiflpecKy, Teopre
     1	EoJibuiHHCTBO KpHTHHCCKHX saMeTOK CBinaubi co CMcpTtio nosTa h ocBemaioT ee noflpo6-hocth. Pafl TaKHx MaTepHajioB (o flyaJiH c flaHTecoM, o CMepra nyniKjma, 06 H3/ianHH ero np0H3BeaeHHÔ) 6wjih HanenaTaHH b Aaöum PoMbimaa (PyMbiHCKa» mena), b KyptepyA Po-MbwecK (PyMBiHCKHH Kypbep). CjieflyeT Taicace HanoMHHTb o hobcjuic K. Herpyun VII nucbMO — KaAunco, nocßjimeHHOH npeöbiBaumo IlyntKHHa b KHniHHeBe.
     2	HHTepecHO OTMeTHTh, HTO nepcBozibi h nepepaßoTKH, CAejiaiuibie b Te roflbi, KacaioTca noHTH HCKjTFO4HTCJibH0 poMaiiTHHecKHX np0H3BeflenHH HyiuKHHa: KasKa3CKUü meHHUK, Hepnaa UIÜAb, Ifbizami H T. R.
     3	Cm. B. H. K y Ji e ui o b, Jlumepamypime cemu Poccuu c 3ana0Hoü Eeponoü e XIX e., M.. 1965. ru. I. H. II.