9
PyCCKO-PyMHHCKHE JIHTEPATyPHBIE CBÜ3H
319-
Acaten, Ahtoh IlaHH, Aneicy /J,ohhh, T. CeyjiecKy, K. CTaMaTH, blí paacakd muh CTpeMJieHHe k conHajibHoií KpHTHKe h iiohckh hhhx scTeTHMecKHX HfleajioB, neM poMaHTHHecKHe, HanpaBmra hx Bsopbi k TBopnecTBy KpbiJioBa. He cjiynaHHO Te H3 hhx, kto 3Haji pyccKHH H3BIK (icaK A. /3,ohhh, K. CTaMara) npeflnpHHHJiH ne-peBogBi hjih nepepa6oTKH ero 6aceH Ha pyMHHCKHií h3bik.
    TaKHM 06pa30M, npoH3BeaeHHH pyccKHX nHcaTejien, Boineaujne b o6hxo/i jih-TepaTypHoií >kh3hh pyMbiHCKHX KHHaacecTB b nepBoií nojioBHHe 19 b. cootbct-CTBOBajm 3anpocaM h .UBHaceHHio Hameñ OTeMecTBeHHOH jiHxepaTypbi; hx pac-npocTpaHeHne 6bijio 06ycji0BJieH0 caMHM CTaHOBJieHHeM hoboh pyMbiHCKoñ HHTepaTypti.
    CpaBHHBan stot nepwoa 03 hctophh pyccKO-pyMbmcKHX B3anMOCBH3eií, Hoca-uihx yace nojuiHHHO jiHTepaTypHbin xapaKTep, c nojioaceHHeM cymeciayioluhm b to ace Bpe.vra b hckotophx 3ana,zmoeBponeHCKHX CTpaHax KaK Opanmia hjih repMaHHa, cpeflH nepBbix oSpaTHBurax BHHMaHHe Ha tbophcctbo pyccKHX nHcaTejieií
MOaCHO OTMCTHTb B OCHOBHOM CHHXpOHHBIÍÍ XapaKTep npOHeCCOB, BnjIOTb flO CXOfl-CTBa b HeKOTOpbix noapo6HOCTHX. TaK, HanpHMep, h b hctophh pyecKO-(l)paHuy3CKHX hjih pyccKO-HeMeHKHX jiHTepaTypHBix othohichhh no33Ha 3aHHMaeT nepBoe MecTO, ueHTpajibHOH (Jmrypoñ ocraeTca nyiHKHH,1 KpoMe Hero BcrpenaeTca Taicace hms DKyicoBCKoro, b HeKOTopBix cjiynaax h EaTioniKOBa, OTMenaeTca HHTepec k Kpbi-jioBy; oTJiHHHa CBa3aHBi c hhtchchbhoctbk) npoHecca (6ojiBiue nepeBOflOB Ha 3anaae, Sojibme otkjihkob b nena™, HeK0T0pBie H3 hhx 6ojiee HHTepecHBie h caMOCToaTejiBHBie no CBoeMy cogepacaHHio)2. PacniHpaa conocTaBjieHHe Moaaio OTMeTHTb 3JieMeHTBI pOflCTBeHHOCTH H C flpyrHMH JIHTepaTypaMH, B HaCTHOCTH c HeK0T0pbiMH cnaBaHCKHMH. nyuiKHH aBjiaeTca rocnoflCTByioineH jihhhoctmo bo Bcex cjiaBaHCKHx CTpaHax, KOTopbie 3HaK0MaTca c pyccKoñ jiHTepaTypoñ b Hanajie 19 b. Ero npoH3BezieHHa Haxojiar CBoe pacnpocTpaHeHHe Ha noJibCKOM a3biKe HaHHHaa c 1824 r., Ha nemcicoM c 1840 r., Ha xopBaTCKOM b 1842 r. TojibKo b EojirapHH nepeBOflBi H3 TBopnecTBa nyniKHHa HaHHHaiOT noaBjiaTbca
     1	Bo <X>paHUHH nepBtie nepeBOflw H3 TBopiecTBa nyimama noaBJiaioTca eme b 20-bie roflbi: Eaxmcapaücmü (/¡oumaH (1826), Kuhmcoa (1827), IluKoean òaMa (1843), b 1847 r. nenaTaeTca OTZicjTbHbiM tomom Oeuvres choisies de A. P. Pouchkine, poète national de la Russie, traduites pour la première fois en français. OnHOBpeMenHO moxho OTMeTHTb MHoro>mcjiennbie BbicTynjieHHa kphthkob, nncaTeiiefi, cpenH kotopwx BbifleJiaiOTca 3aMeTKH, craTbH C3H-2Kio.jn.eHa, Illapjia Eo-flbe, MnuBeBH'ia (cm. Henry Mongault — Pouchkine en France, «Revue de la littérature comparée», 1937, t. 1, CTp. 115). (Ha HeMeiiKOM a3biice nepBbiii nepeBoa noaBJiaeTca b 1823 r. (to ecTb b tom »ce ro/iy, b kotopom K. CTaMaTH nepeBO/mn Kaena3CKoeo n/iemuKa Ha pyMHH-CKHÌI a3BIK) 3TO 6bIJI OTpbIBOK H3 nOSMbl PycjiaH U JIwÔMUAa H H3 nOSMbl KaemiCKUÜ njieHHUK. B 1826 r. nepeBoziHTca Ha iieMeuKHË a3biK EaxnucapaücKuü (/¡oiiman, a b 1840 r. noaBJiaioTca b repManHH flBa TOMa H36paHHbix npoH3BeneHHH riyiiiKHHa, b kotophx (j)nrypnpyioT : KaeKas-ckuü nAemuK, Ifbieanbi, EaxmicapaùcKuù çfioHmaH, TIoAmaea, rpa(j) HyAutt, Eopuc rodyme, Eeze-mü Oiteeun h t. fl. (cm. Arthur Luther, PuSkin in Deutschland, TaM ace, CTp. 182). flna Toro hto6h nonoiMHTb KapTHHy pacnpocTpaHeHHa nymKHHCKHX npoHSBe^eHHÜ Ha 3anafle cJie/iyeT OTMeTHTb, hto nepBbie nepeBo^w Ha aHranficKHâ a3HK noaBJiaioTca b 1828 r., a b 1833 r. HTaJibJiH-Ubi n03HaK0MHJiHCb c nepeBOflOM nbecbi Eopuc rodyme (cm. S. H. C r o s s, Pouchnine en Angleterre, — TaM »ce, CTp. 163 h E. Lo Gatto, Pu&kin in Italia, TaM ace, CTp. 191).
     2	Rnx noapoÔHOCTeft OTCbiJiaeM k HHTepecHoil BbiiueyKa3aHHofi paôoTe B. H. KyiieuioBa, ocHOBaHHoü Ha èoraTQM h pa3H006pa3H0M (JiaKTHHecKOM MaTepnaJie.