46
3MMJIb BPAEHE
4
    2.	AGcojiioTuaH npeBOCxo/iHan cTenenb HMéH npHJiaraTeJibHbix h napeHHÍí co-BpeMeHHoro pyMbiHCKoro JiHTepaTypHoro a3bnca o6pa3yeTca aHajiHTHnecKH, c no-Mombio HapeHHH foarte «oneHb», yHacjie/ioBaimoro H3 jiaTHHCKoro forte. 3tot npwéM BocnpHHHMaeTCíi KaK HeñxpajibHbiií c tohkh 3peiiHsi cthjihcthhcckoh. B npo-THB0n0Ji0acH0CTb eMy, pa/i HMéH npnjiaraTejibHbix h Hapennií b jiHTepaTypHOM H3biKe o6pa3yK)T CHHTeTHiecKyfo a6cojnoTHyio npeBocxo/iHyio CTeneHb npn no-moluh npncTaBKH cjiaBAHCKoro npoHcxo)KAeHHH prea-: preabun, «npeaoGpwH», preacinstit «npeHecTHbiìi», preacurat «npc-iHCTbiñ», preacuvios «npe6jiaroMecTHBbiH», preafericit «npecHacTJiHBbiH», preaiubit «npenK>6HMbiH», preainfelept «npepa3yMHbrii» h „ap.1. 3th h hm rio/io6itbie 06pa30BaHHa, nacTO obiTOBaBiiine b pyMbiHCKOM «3bi-Ke b npouijibie BeKa (ruaBHbiM o6pa30M b ShGjichckom ci HJie2) BocnpHHHMaiOTCH cero^HH KaK Hapounwe h ycrapcBLUHe3 h, Ha stoh ochobc, ynoTpeSjiaioTca b ca-MblX pa3JIH4HbIX 3MOIIHOI¡ajTblIO-3KCnpeCCHBHbIX XyflOJKeCTBeHHblX H HHbIX UCJMX, K0T0pbie MoryT BapbupoBaibca ot SoroHecraa ao npoHHH, HacMeuiKH h H3ACsa-TejibCTBa.
    IV.	3KcnpeccHBH0£Tb, ocHOBaimafl uà c.i0B00Óp.i30BaTe:ibiibix oimoiHUHax
    C xoflOM BpeMenH pyvrbnibr HanajiH oT^ejiaTb npHCTaBKH h cy<j)<j>HKCbi ot mho-roHHCJTeHHbix jieKCHnecKHX 3aHMCTBOBaHHH cjiaBAHCKoro npoHcxoacfleHHH h yno-Tpe6.T«Tb hx c uejibio (JjopMHpoBaHHH coScTBeHHbix cjioB KaK ot ochob, yuacueao-BaHHblX H3 JiaTHHCKOrO H3bIKa, TaK H OT OCHOB HHOrO npOHCXO»CfleHHH4. HeKOTOpbie H3 3THX 06pa30BaHHÍÍ C ac|)(J)HKCaMH CJiaBaHCKOrO npOHCXOHCfleHHH HMeiOT B co-BpeMeHHOM pyMbIHCKOM H3bIKe CHHOHHMbI, C KOTOpbIMH BCTynaiOT B 0nn03HI];HH, nopoacflaiomHe 3KcnpeccHBHocTb. Molilo BbiflejiHTb ABe ocHOBHbie KaTeropHH : 1) yMCHbiuHTejibHbie 06pa30BaHHa co cjiaBHHCKHMH cy(])(j)HKcaMH h 2) apyrne 06pa30BaHHa c TaKHMH cy(j>4>HKcaMH.
    1. yMCHbiuumenbHbie o6pa3oeamn. M0p<J)0Ji0rHHecKaa KaTeropna yMeiibmn-TejibHOCTH (KaK h yBejiHMHTejibHOCTH) ne aBJiaeTca caMa no ce6e SKcnpeccHBHOH. HanpHMep, icaK npaBHjibHO 3aMeTHJi X. Kacapec, no cpaBHeHHio c HcnaHCKHM tazo «naiHKa» yMeHbuiHTejibHaa (JjopMa tacita 03HanaeT «MeHbiuaa laurea», a tazón «6ojibiuaa nauiKa» — 6e3 flonojiHHTejibHbix SKcnpeccHBHbix ottchkob5. TaK ace o6cToax /iena h c 6ojTbiiiHM mhcjiom pyMbiHCKHX yMeHbuiHTeJibHbix cjiob, 06pa30-BaHHblX C nOMOIUbJO pa3JIHHHblX Cy(f)<f)HKCOB. B COBpeMeHHOM pyMbIHCKOM a3bIKe cymccTByioT, oanax'o, HeKOTopbie yMeHbuiHTejibHbie 06pa30BaHHa c cyc|x|)MKcaMH cjiaBaHCKoro nponcxoaczieHHa, KOTopbie npeflCTaBJiaioT hchto Gojibuiee, neM npo-CToe yMeHbuieHHe pa3MepoB cooTBexcTByFomux npeflMeTOB6. TaK, frunzisoarà o6o3iiaMaeT b COBpeMeHHOM pyMbIHCKOM a3biKe TOJibKO «frunza mica» (= «Ma-
     1	DL, III, 537-538.
     2	O «6n6neficKOM» crane, cm. HHace m. VII, nyHKT 4.
5	Iorgu Iordan, V.Guf u-Romalo, Al. Niculescu, ym3. pa6oma, CTp.112.
     4	O pyMbiHCKHX cy(J)(J)HKcax h npe(j)HKcax CjiaBaHCKoro npoHcxojKfleHHH cm. Al. Rosetti, Istoria limbii romàne, III, Limbile slave meridionale (sec. VI — XII), Bucurejti, 1962, cTp. 76 — 83.
     5	J. Casares, yxaj. paóoma, cip. 130.
     0	06 3tom flBueHHH cm. Iorgu lorda n, yxai. paóoma, CTp. 174-176; cm. h Fiori-ca Dimitrescu, Note asupra relatiilor dintre diminutive fi augmentative in limba romàna, b c6. Omagiu lui Iorgu Iordan, Bucuresti, 1958, CTp. 241-253.