314
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    а)	hto mm HMeeM aejio c JIHTepaTypaMH, npHHaAJieacamHMH k pa3JiHHHUM jiHHrBHCTHHecKHM rpynnaM (poMaHCKoii h cJiaBaHCKoii), to ecTb H^eT penb o CB»3ax pyccKOH JiHTepaTypbi c HecjiaBaHCKOii JiHTepaTypoii. TaKHM 06pa30M 3HaK0MCTBo c pyccKoii JiHTepaTypoii oöecneHHBajiocb hjih 3HaHHeM pyccKoro a3biKa hjih nepe-BOaaMH (b OTJIHHHe OT CJiaBaHCKHX CTpaH, r^e npHÖJXH3HTejIbHOe 3HaKOMCTBO ßbijio B03M03KH0, b 0C06eHH0CTH ÆJia KyjibTypHbix Jito/ieii, nHcaTejieñ h t. n- h >6e3 caeuHajibHbix 3HaHHH b oßjiacTH pyccKoro a3biKa, hto cnocoöcTBOBajio b on-pe/ieJieHHOH CTeneHH pacnpocTpaHeHHio npoH3BeaeHnii pyccKoii JiHTepaTypbi). ITpa-HHMaa bo BHHMaHHe, hto flo 1944 r. b PyMbiHHH pyccKHM a3biKOM Bjiaaejio or-paHHHeHHoe hhcjio jiio^en, hto MOJioÆeacb ye3acajia ynHTbca b BbicuiHe yneÖHbie 3aBeAeHHa öojibiue Ha 3ana,a (bo OpaHUHio, b TepMaHHio), neM b Pocchio (to ecTb peace neM b BojirapHH hjih HexocjiOBaKHH 6y,ayT BOTpenaTbca nponaraHflHCTbi pyCCKOH JiHTepaTypbi H3 6bIBIIIHX BbinyCKHHKOB pyCCKHX yHHBepCHTeTOß), hto no nocjieflHHX aecaTHJieTHH HayKa cjiaßncTHKH 3aHHMajia ßOBOJibHO CKpoMHoe MecTO b Hauieii CTpaHe, cjieayeT c caMoro nanajia ynecTb HeoöxoflHMoeTb cymecTBOBaHHa a3biKa h JiHTepaTypbi «nocpeflHHica» cnocoôcTByiomero 03HaK0MJieHHK> c TBop-necTBOM pyccKHX nucaTejieñ. TaKyio pojib «nocpe^HHica» cbirpajiH b PyMbiHHH, b nepByio onepeflb, <J)paHuy3CKHe nepeBOflbi c pyccKoro, 3aTeM HeMeuKHe, b KaKoii-TO Mepe h BeHrepcKHe (b ocoôchhocth b TpaHCHJibBaHHH) ;
    б)	hto CBOHM reorpa<J)HHecKHM h nojiHTHHecKHM pacnojioaceHHeM PyMbiHHa aßjiaeTca HenocpeacTBeHHbiM coceaoM Pocchh. B HeKOTopbix cjiynaax sto oôjier-Hajio (b caMOM npaMOM CMbicjie cjioBa) pacnpocTpaHeHHe HeKOTopbix np0H3BeaeHHíí pyccKoii JiHTepaTypbi, BcrpeTHBuiHX 6bi npn hhhx ycjiOBHax 3aTpy^HeHna, KaK öbuio, HanpHMep, c npoH3BeaeHHaMH pyccKHX peBOJiioiiHOHHbix ¿jeMoicpaTOB (rep-ueHa, ^íepHbimeBCKoro) c oraejibHbiMH nojiHTHiecKHMH, peBOJilOHHOHHbiMH 6po-uiiopaMH HapoflHHHecKoro, a 3aTeM coiiHan-aeMOKpaTHiecKoro HanpaBJieHHa, ko-Topbie nepenpaBJiajiHCb TaÜHbiM 06pa30M nepe3 Hamy CTpaHy hjih pacnpocTpa-HajiHCb Ha ee TeppHTopHH. PacnojioaceHHe PyMbiHHH nocpe^H rpynnbi cjiaBgH-CKHX CTpaH, ioacHOH h ueHTpajibHOH Eßponbi, BOOflymeBJieHHbix oöiuhmh Meacay co6oii h c Hamen CTpanoñ HjieajiaMH HauHOHajibHoro h couHajibHoro ocbo6o>k-
     1	EflHHCTBeHHMM HCKJIIOHeHHeM flBHaeTCH paÖOTa E. M. flBOHieHKO-MapKOBa, PyccKo-pyAibiHCKue Aumepamypnbie ceH3u, M., 1966.