324
TATbflHA HHKOJIECKy
14
EyAbóa Torona b 1876, 1883, 1892, 1898, 1908 — b AByx nepeBOAax a t. a- Ilepe-boam nenaTaioTca HHoraa OTAejibHbiMH TOMaMH, ho Mame Beerò noaBjiaioTca b nepHOAHHecKOH nenaTH, hto o6ecnennBaeT hm oneHb mnpoicoe pacnpocTpaHeHHe; b paae cJiynaeB cjieAyeT noanepKHyTb onepaTHBHoeTb nepeBOAHHKOB, HanSonee apKHe npHMepbi npeACTaBjiaioT b 3tom CMbiejie noBecTb Kpeüifepoea concima, nepBbin nepeBOA KOTopoii noaBjiaeTca Ha pyMbiHCKOM a3biKe b 1890 r. h poMaH BocKpe-ceme, KOTopbift nenaTanca Ha pyMbmcKOM a3biKe (1899) noHTH napajuiejibHO c pyccKHM TeKCTOM BbixoAHBiuHM b wypHajie Huea1.
    MHoroHHCJieHHbie CTaTbH, o63opbi, acce, peneH3HH, b 6onbuieH CTeneHH, neM paHbuie, npHHaAJieacamHe bhahchuihm pyMbiHCKHM KpiiTincaM (K. /JoSpoAacaHy-Tepa, r. H6p3HJiaHy, PaHKy HoHecKy-PHOH, X. CaHHejieBHH h t. a.) hjih nacaTe-jiaM snoxH (¡\yvim\y 3aM(J)HpecKy, Aji. Bjiaxyus, Maxann CaAOBaHy, TyAop Apre3H h t. a.) cnoco6cTByK>T npoHHKHOBeHHK) pyccKoii jiHTepaTypbi b caMbie pa3JiHHHbie H HIHpOKHe HHTaTeJIbCKHe KpyrH2, B C03HaHHe HHTaiOUieH ny6jIHKH. B KOHeHHOM HTore MONCHO CKa3aTb, hto pyccicaa jiHTeTarypa BKjiiOHaeTca b npoHcec pa3BHTHa caMoìi pyMbiHCKOìi JiHTepaTypHoií xch3hh3. OrMenaa 3to aBJieHHe, Hmcojiae Hopra nncaji: «IIoa BjiHaHHeM 3anucox oxomnui<a, Boühu u Mupa, 3anucoK U3 uepimozo do Ma, 6yAyT acHTb h MbicjiHTb ABa noKOJieHHa...»4. O toìì ace snoxe roBopHT h Mnxanji CaAOBaHy BcnoMHHaa cboio MOJiOAOCTb «npoBeAeHHyio b tom AyxoB-hom ueHTpe, KaKHM aBuajiHCb üccbi 900 rr.», KorAa «oaho H3 Han6ojiee paAocTHbix BnenaTJieHHH» A-fia nacaTejia «6bui KOHTaKT c BejiHKOH pyccKoii jiHTepaTypoìi...»5.
    CHHxpoHHbiii no CBoeii xpoHonorHH ToacAeCTBeHHbivi npoueccaM, pa3BHBaio-iHHMca b OAHuaKOBOH Mepe b cnaBaHCKHx h HecjiaBaHCKHX cTpaHax, cbohmh Baac-HeííUIHMH OTJlHHHTeJIbHbIMH HepTaMH 3T0T 3Tan B pa3BHTHH pycCKO-pyMblHCKHX jiHTepaTypHbix B3aHMOCBa3eH cocTaBJiaeT opraranecKyio nacTb Toro eAHHoro, ihh-poKoro ABHaceHHa, KOTopoe pa3BepTbiBaeTca moluhlim nocTynaTejibHbiM TeMnoM bo Bcex eBponeiícKHX CTpaHax, oxBaTHB Aaace Te H3 hhx, KOTOpbie ao sthx nop 0CTaBajiHCb BHe ero (Hranna, HcnaHHa, CKaHAHHaBCKHe CTpaHbi)6.
    lÜHpOKOe H HHTeHCHBHOe 03HaK0MJieHHe C pyCCKOH JIHTeTaTypoii B PyMblHHH, b KOHHe 19 h b Hanane 20 bb., 6mjio onpeAejieHHO paAOM npHHHH h nojioaceHHÌi, cocTaB/iaioiHHX c;ioa<Hoe nenoe. ÜHTepec k pyccKoii jiHTepaType CHjibHO B03poc b Hanaae 80-bix rr. BCJieACTBHe aKTHBH3aiiHH nepeAOBbix o6mecTBeHHbix chji b Hameìi CTpaHe. CBo6oAOJiK>6HBbie HAeanbi yTBepacAaeMbis JiyHimiMH pyccKHH nn-caTejiaMH, BcerAa npH3biBaBuinM k 6opb6e npoTHB yrHeTCHHa h yrneTareiieii, óbiJiH co3ByHHbi ijejiaM, KOTopbie npecneAOBajiH HapoAHbie Macchi PyMblHHH h,
      1	flna noitpoSHOCTeii cm. Harny pa6oTy Tolstoi fi literatura romàna, EL, 1963.
     2	r¡nera «Secolul» nncana: «Pyccicafl jmTepaTypa npoHHKaeT Bce oo.ibine h 6oiibme b Ha-poflHbie nnacTbi» (1910, 7 anp., cip. 2).
     3	vKypnaJi «Generatia nouà» yKa3biBas Ha orpoMHoe mhcjio nepeBOflOB H3 pyCCKOH jnrrepa-Typbl H Ha 3Ha4HTejIbH0e MeCTO KOTOpOe OHH 3aHJMH B PyMblHHH, TOBOpHJI O CymeCTBOBaHH «pyccKoro ,iumepamypnizo meneuuh». (Traducerile in literatura noastrà, 1893, nr. 2., cip. 2 — 4).
      1 N. Iorga, Istoria literaturii romdnefti contemporane, 1934 t. I, CTp. 326.
     5	M. Sadoveanu, Evocàri, E.S.P.L.A, 1957, cip. 182.
     6	Cm. Arturo Croni a, La conoscenza del mondo slavo in Italia, Padova, 1958; M. n. A Ji e k c e e b, yK. con. ; M. il. K y ri p n a n o b a, PyccKan u coeemcKan .wmepamypa e ¡lanuti, ripo6neMbi MexflyHapoflHMX jiHTepaTypHbix CBineii, H3.ii. JleHHHrpaflCKqro ynHBepcHxeTb, 1962, CTp. 174.