386
EJIEHA JlOrHHOBCKAÄ
    Ho HH £en3M, HH naHTeH3M He nocjier(OBaTejibHb[ y JlepMOHTOBa, h ero CKen-THHeCKHe paCCy>K;ieHHH O 3arpOÖHOH 3KH3HH H HeJIOBeKe COnpOBO'/KflaiOTCH HOBblM coMHeHHeM — Ha stot pa3 B cocTosrrejibHOCTH caMoro CKenTHUH3\ia:
              Ho nojiHo! 3jio6HbiH 6ec mchh 3aBJieK B TaKne TOJiKH. BeK Ham—BeK 6e36o>KHbiH; noMcajiyñ, KTO-HHÖy.ab, uinHOH HHHToacHbiií,
              Moh cjioBa npocjiaBHT, h Toi\aa Hejib3a KpecTHTbca 6y.neT 6e3 cTbi.ua;
              H noHeBOJie CTaHeuib jiHueMepHTb,
              CMeacb nan tcm, neMy acenaji 6bi BepHTb.
    ílBHblH OTXOÆ OT OpTOflOKCaJlbHO-XpHCTHaHCKHX B033peHHH He CBH3bIBaeTCfl y JlepMOHTOBa c ycBoeHHeM KaKoñ-JMÓo cahhoh pejiHrH03H0Íí hjih c{)h^oco([)ckoh KOHUenUHH, HO H He npHBOflHT K nOJIHOMy OTKa3y OT «npHBbIHHblX BepOBaHHH». XpHCTHaHCKaa pejinrna aaeT eMy He TOJibKO apceHan chmbojiob. CaMoe hx Hcnojib-30B3HHe CTaHOBHTCH B03M0/KHbiM noTOMy, Mio c HHMH flJiH nosTa eme no-npeac-HeMy CBa3bIBaiOTCH OCHOBHbie )KH3HeHHbie KaTeropHH: A06p0 H 3JI0, JIIOÓOBb H HeHaBHCTb, Bepa b xcH3Hb h nejioBeKa—h nojiHoe 6e3Bepne («Tw roBopniub: ecTb »cH3Hb apyraa, / H CMejio Bepmub en . . . ho a .,.»). Orciona Ta «mx/ia Bepbi», KOTopaa 3ByHHT y JlepMOHTOBa c nepBbix ;;o noc/ieflHHX cthxob — to KaK TOCKa o ee He/iocTynHocTH (He oóeunm Ateiw, ececuAbHbiü), to KaK yôejKfleHHOCTh b ee HeB03M0HCH0CTH (H eepw, oóeufaw eepunib, xomb com mozo ne ucnumaA . ..), to KaK MOJiHTBa, nycTb h yTe.paBiuaa cboio HenocpeácTBeHHOCTb h opTOflOKcajibHyio cjienoTy (Kpecm Ha atañe, Kozda 6 e noKopmcmu nejiianbn, Kozda, Hadewcde nedocmyriHbiü, Monumea h ap.). 3Ta OKaotcda eepu BMecTe c TpajjimHOHHbiM /yia pOMaHTH3Ma o6pau;eHHeM k pejiHrH03H0H o6pa3HocTH ooycjioBJiHBaeT h chmbo-jiHKy JJeMona. IloaBJieHHe b (j)HHajie nosMbi TBopua, B03flaiomero AOJixHoe acepT-Be TaMapbi, oTHioflb He OKasbiBasTca neo>KH/iaHHbiM, KaK sto yBepaioT hckoto-pwe KpHTHKH1. BHHMaTejibHOMy MHTaTejiK) JlepMOHTOBa sto KasceTca cKopee 3a-KOHOMepHbiM, nepeKJiHKaacb He TOJibKO c ero apaMaTypraeü, jiHpHKoñ h paHHHMH nosMaMH, ho h c nanaJioM caMoro fíeMona, rae, Hapa^y c paBHoayuiHbiM («oh 3aHaT HeóoM, He 3eMjieñ») h HeyMOJiHMbiM, KapaiomHM 6otom («Ha 6e33a6oTHyio ceMbK), KaK rpoM, cjieTejia 6o»cba Kapa . ..») h HeôecaMH, KaK oÓHTejibio stoto cypoBoro 6ora, noasjiaHDTca ôerjibie ynoMHHaHHa 06 hhom 6ore h hhhx Heóecax —«HCHJiHme CBeTa», rae oÓHTaioT hhctms xepyBHMbi h rae HeKor/ia 6hji TaK cna-CTJiHB caM JUeMOH. 3tot 6or h 3Th He6eca BbiCTynaioT chmbojiom Miieajia b CMbicjie Bceo6meft rapMOHHH, aócTpaKTHO npoTHBonocTaBJiaeMoii yaejiy CMHpeHHa. Ha-nojiHaacb sthhcckhm 3HaLieHweM, tot ace chmboji BonjiomaeT b ceôe «jno6oBb, floöpo h KpacoTy» KaK KOHiieHTpHpoBaHHoe BbipaaceHHe oómenejioBenecKoro, Mbi CKa3ajiH 6bi, rioiiJiHHHO HejioBenecKoro Haeajia. Bepa b stoto 6ora aaBana HeKor^a cnacTbe repoio JlepMOHTOBa, nHTaa nepBOHanajibHyio rapMOHHH) ero ayiuH. OTna-fleHHe OT Hero npn/(acT fleMOHy Bejianne, ho h oôpeKaeT ero Ha Mynenna, h6o, HanoJiHaacb ôopbôofi, ero >KH3Hb jiHinaeTca yTBepacaeHHa, nojio>KHTejibHoro co-AepacaHHa, hôo HapyuiaeTca rapvioHHH BHyTpeHHero MHpa repoa, pa3pbiBaeTca
    1 Cm., HanpHMep, T. HBaHOBa, K>Hocmb JlepMomnoea, MocKBa, 1957, dp. 314.