426
A. KEBAPM
3H npeac/ie Beerò mojkho roBopmb o CTaTbax flyMHTpy MHKy. B CTaTbe o fíe e fimo m sane1 pyMHHCKHH JinrepaTop cocpeflOTOHHJi pa3,ayMba Ha npoójieMax cne-HH(j)HKH KOHCTpyKHHH pOMaiia. McXOflJI H3 ySeaCfleHHa B flOnOflJIHHHOCTH (J)aKTOB h flocTOBepHOCTH nepcoHaaceìi, 3aMenaa, hto npHeMaMH KHHOMOHTaaca nwcaTejib o6i>eAHHaeT penopTaac, naM<JmeT, JiHpHHecKHe pa3MbimjieHHa, nojiHTHHecKHe peHHTaTHBbi h t. ih, MwKy onpeaejiaeT acaHp npoM3Be/ienna KaK coBpeMeHHyio KajTeiiaocKonHHecKyio xpoHHKy. 3tot acanp oh CHHTaeT onpeflejiaiomHM He TOjibKO fljia 3peH6ypra, ho Boo6me BecbMa pacnpocTpaHeHHHM h b flpyrax eBponeìicKHX jiHTepaTypax. PasGnpaa poMaH He nepeeodn òbixamri1, tot ace kphthk o6pamaeT BHHMaHHe Ha TexHHKy ncHxojiorHHecKoñ xapaKTepucTHKH nepcoHaaceii. Oh KOHCTaTHpyeT, hto, npn OTcyTOTBHH onpeflejieHHoro cioaceTa, a 3HaHHT, h B03M03CH0CTH xuHpoKoro, snHHecKoro pa3BepTbiBaHHa xapaKTepoB, 3peH6ypr noepeflCTBOM MOMeHTaJibHbix chhmkob, oópbiBKOB 6Horpa(|)H¿i ccmaer noji-HOKpoBHbie h oSaaTejibHbie o6pa3bi. Becb poMaH kphthkom oueHeH KaK «.. .thmh Hpyac6e, cepueMHOCTH, flymeBHOMy c6jiHaceHHio jiKweH».
    3HaHHTejibHbiM flHana30H0M kphthhcckoh mhcjih BbiflejiaeTca h CTaTba M. 3any3. H3 npoBeaeHHoro b HCTopHKO-JiHTepaTypHOÌi nepcneKTHBe conocTaBJieHHa poMaHOB fíeiib emopoü h He nepeeodn dbixamie kphthk bhboott nycTb He bo bccm Geccnopubie, ho TeM He MeHee npHMenaTeiibHbie 3aKjiioHeHHa. na<J)oc coBpeMeHHO-CTH OH BHflHT B CTpaCTHOM HaKaJie H «B CJiaAKOÌÌ H HHTeHCHBHOH MCJiaHXOJIHH» He nepeeodn dbixamn, KaK 6bi co3flaHHoro H3 paaa «TypreHeBCKHX craxoTBopeHHH b npo3e», h b anoneíiHOM fíne emopoM, «3axBaTbiBaiomHM cbohm phtmom, Hanpa-aceHHOCTbK), MacuiTaóaMH, crymeHHbiMH b noHTH TejuiypHHecKHe SHepniH». A6co-jhot BpeMeHH OAHHaKOBO npoaBJiaeT ce6a, no MHeHHio KpHTHica, h «b 6hchhh cepfl-na» h «b 6oe nacoB».
    HccjiejioBaHHe npoc[)eccopa M. HoBHKOBa, BHe BcaKoro coMHeHHa, aBJiaeTca HanSojiee o6beMHCTbiM (nojiTopa-ABa H3ziaTejibCKHX jiHCTa) h HanSojiee 3Hann-TejibHbiM no ocTpoTe HaSjiioflaTejibHocTH h ninpoTe ocMbicjieHHa no cyTH aejia Beerò TBOpnecTBa nncaTejia H3 Beerò Toro, hto Koraa-JinSo nncajiocb b naruen cTpaHe 06 3peH6ypre. ITocJie He6ojibuioro BCTynjieHHa, co^epacamero BecbMa MeT-KHe onenKH Tajianra 3peH6ypra, aBTop npocJieacHBaeT 3Tan 3a 3TanoM h3bhjih-CTbiñ nyTb xy,ao>KHHKa, opraHH3ya MaTepHaji BOKpyr onpeaejieHHbix uenTpajibHbix npoH3BefleHHH hjih npo6neM. TaK, HanpHMep, cTepameBbiM b pa36ope nepnofla 20-x TOflOB aBuaeTca noapo6HbiH h KOMneTeHTHbiH aHaJiH3 poMaHa Heoóbmamue noxoMcòeìiun Xymio Xypemimo u ezo yuenmoe. H3 Hero BbiBOflaTca n0T0M conpH-KacaiomHeca h riepeKpemnBaiomHeca jihhhh, Be,aymne k Tpecmy fí. E., Tpuiiaóifamu mpyÓKaM h ApyrHM coHHHeHHaM. B HCCJieuoBaHHM ne Mano opHrnHanbHbix, yflan-Hbix, Ha Harn Bsrjiau, HacTHbix onpeaejienHH, (|)0pMyjiHp0B0K. TaK, HanpHMep, o Tpunadifamu mpyÓKax HHTaeM: «MoacHO CKa3aTb, hto sto CBoero pona chhtc3 ofl-Horo nepnofla h BMecTe c TeM nawa.no nyTH» (cTp. 298). Ho 0CH0BH0e aocthhct-bo pa6oTbi b enne npoHHHaTejibHoìt CHHTe3npyK)meii mhcjih. YMeHHe ohhhm B3TJiaflOM OXBaTHTb MHOTOTpaHHOe aBJieHHe, TBOpHeCTBO B nejTOM MOaceT 6bITb npoHJiJiiocTpHpoBaHO xoTa 6bi cjieflyromeìi eMKoii xapaKTepHCTHKon: «Ot HaHBHoH
      1	fl. MHKy, Pe neràsuflate, „Gazeta literarà”, nr. 42, 1958.
 2	Jl. Mray, O carte vie a zilelor mastre, „Viata Romàneascà”, VII, nr. 10, 1954.
      3	M. 3any, Ehrenburg si pateticul cotidian, „Tribuna”, nr. 44, 1958.