XyflOHCECTBEHHAH CTPYKTYPA «flEMOHA»
383
6mti> p0>KjeH0, — no LUejuiHHry, — JiHmb HeKOTopoio 603KecTBeHH0K> Marneíi»1. TaK ají a npeoAOJieniia npoTHBopeHHií CBoeií aGcTpaKTHoñ (JjhjtocoíJickoh chctcmu niejuiHHT BtiHy>KAEH npHGerayTb k MHCTuxe, a sto npHBOAHT k TOMy, hto ero «6or» CMbiKaeTCfl c 6a6jieHCKHM GoacecTBOM (KaK yace ne HAeaji, a cjianTacTMHec-Koe BcecHJibHoe cymecTBo), a a6cTpaKTiiaa HAea «éoacecTBeHHoñ jiio6bh», ecTect-BeHHO, — c xpHCTHaHCKoñ jiK>6oBbio KaK MeM-To npoTHBonojio>KHbiM 6opb6e H OTpHnaiomHM ee b kohchhom cneTe (KOHiíeniiHH, k kotopoíí h npHfleT no3AHee niejuiHHr).
    JlepMOHTob oTJiHHaeTca ot HeMeijKHX cJ)hjioco(})ob xeM, hto b ero TBopnecTBe mm He HañAeM hh CHama, hh npHMiipeHiia, hh pa3pemeHHa npoTHBopeHHií2.
    rioKa3biBaa Kpax /JeMOHa, JlepMOHTOB He pacKpbiBaeT ero KaK npHMHpeHHe c MHpoM, h Tparn3M repoa, KaK sto h ecTecTBeHHO, He CHHMaeT c Hero opeojia KpacoTbi h BenHHM. ríepeAejibiBaa b nocJieAHH ñ pa3 nosMy, oh He crjiaacHBaei, a noflHepKHBaeT np0THB0peHHB0CTb HaTypbi fleMOHa. Ero repon, HecMOTpa Ha Bce ero AeKjrapan,HH b stom Ayxe, HitrAe He 0TKa3braaeTca ot coScTBemoro «a», He nbiTaeTCH BbiMOJiHTb hjih Ao6HTbCH npomenna. Oh AenaeT cboGoahmh BbiGop, «ropAO» CHHMaa co CBoeií «noGeAHoñ» roJioBbi «senen jiaBpoBbiñ» h ropAO ocTaB-naa MHp «AOUBe'raTb» 6e3 Hero — h b (])Hiiajie nosMbi nepeA HaMH noGexcAeHHbiií, ho OTHK>Ab He noBepaceHHbiH, a tot 3Ke «HaAvieHHbiií», CHJibHbiíí h npeKpacHbiií 3T0H CBOeñ «HaAMeHHOCTblO»—peniHMOCTbK) H Cn0C06H0CTbK> He H3MeHHTbCe6e
—	repoñ. HoTa aBTOpCKoro conyBCTBHa («oahh, KaK npeacAe...») 3ByHHT 3Aecb He MeHee cHJibHo, neM b Apyriix cTpoKax nosMM, noAnepKHBaa 6jiH30CTb h CHMna-thk) aBTopa k CBoeMy repoio, He HCHe3aiomHe, HecMOTpa Ha 3JieMenT ocyacAeHHH, aBHO 3ByiiamHH b cueHe rn6ejiH TaMapw, b (JmHajie (b oGpncoBKe nopTpeTa, nycTb h yBHAeHHoro rjia3aMH repoHHH) h b paAe Apyrnx cueH nosMbi.
    <I»HHaji nosMbi noAnepKHBaeT h ycHJiHBaeT h Apyrne npoTHBopeHiia, HaMe-THBuiHeca b ochobhoh HacTH. 3Aecb oSHapyacHBaeTca «npaBAa» TaMapbi, 3Aecb b hoboh pojiH BbiCTynaeT aHreji, 3Aecb BnepBbie co Bceií acnocTbio np0B03rjia-maeTca HAea cnpaBeAJfflBocTH 6ora.
    CHMBOJiHKa nosMbi pasABaviBaeTca; Majio Toro, caMH napHbie chmbojih oKa-3biBaioTca BHyTpeHHe npoTHBopeHHBbiMH: aHreji — paBHOAyuiHbiíí h xojioahmh Bpar fleMOHa h aHreji — ropanníí 3amHTHHK TaMapbi; 6or, SeccipacTHo B3Hpaio-uihíí c He6ec Ha rnoejib repoHHH — h TBopeu, BepuiainHK cnpaBeAJiHBbiñ cyA; He-6eca — oómejib stoto paBHOAyuiHoro 6ora h HeSeca — chmboji noAJinHuoro ao-6pa, KpacoTbi m GjiaropoACTBa, chmboji HAeaJia, o kotopom Tiuerao MenraJi rop-Abiií fleMOH, ho KOTopbiií OTKpbiBaeTca caMooTBepaceHHo jno6aineü TaMape. HeM »ce oG bacHaeTca 3Ta «ABoñcTBeHHocTb», 3Ta npoTHBopenHBocTb, rpaHHHaiuaa c HenocjieAOBaTejibHOCTbK)? Hctokh ee, AyMaeTca, cjieAyeT HCKaTb b (})hjiococ})ckhx H pejIHrH03HbIX B033peHHaX JlepMOHTOBa.
    B JlepMOHTOBeachhh y*e oTMenajica tot cjjaKT, hto pyccKHH iio3t He oojia-Aaji cTpOHHOíí, 3aKOHHeHHOií CHCTeMoñ (j)HJioco<|)CKnx B033peHHÍí. To xce caMoe
1	IüeJiJiHHr, 0u.ioco(ficKiie uccnedoeanun o cyiifHocmu ue/ioeeuecKoü ceooodbi, CTp. 53.
     2	3to pa3JiHHHe, ecTecTBemo, onpeflejiaeTca CTpyKTypoü cpaBHHBaeMBix npon3BeaeHnii — 4>hjioco(|>ckhx TpaKTaTOB c oflHoM h xy.io>KecTBCHHoro npoH3BeaeHHa c flpyroü CToponw. BMecTe c TeM OHO TOBOPHT O TOM, HTO pyCCKHK nOST He HaXOAHTCH nofl BJTHaHHeM KaKHX-JIHÓO KOHIien-uhh h TeM 6ojiee cxeM h CBo6o,aen b cbocm oTpajKeHHH h BocnpoHSBeaeHMH jieHCTBHTejibHOCTH h nopo)KfleHHoro eio H^eajia.