apEHEypr b pyMbiHHH 417 xoTBopeHHoeTb orpoMHa, oziHaKO oHa b 3HaMHTejibHofi Mepe noflMHHena kphth-necKOMy CKJiajiy, caMootiTHoe b^oxhobchhc — TpyÆOJiioÔHio ny6jiHitfiCTa, iiojih-THHecicoe pa3/iyMbe — nojiMTiinecKOMy fleficTBHio»1. Mnenna Jlyn AparoHa h übe-pa KoTa He pacxo/iaTca c npuBe/ieuHbiMM. BMecTe c tcm e/iHHOflymHO npH3HaeTca ero ÔJiHCTaTenbHbiH ny6jrnHncTHLiecKHH TajiaHT.«3peH6ypr— caMbifi bmìuuoihhìì-ca /KypHa.iHCT CoBeTCKoro Coio3a»2, -— hhuict o He.M PnKapßO ITbeKHO. Ilbep TaMappa Ha3biBaeT ero «rpo3HbiM KoireM naMiJuieTHCTa»3. «Eakhh, KaK cepHaa KHCJioTa», — KaK 6bi AonojiHaeT Ajiach YrnMan. B cboio onepe/ib IIphctjih b 1943 rofly BocToprajica UHuieHHoft aeuießbix nponaran/jHCTCKHX npneMOB, Ha-noMHHaiomefi aoKyMeHTajiMiyio noßecTb ny6.iMHHCTHKoii 3peH6ypra4. Korzia penb mjia 06 3peH6ypre-ny6jiHHHCTe, kphthkh Gbtjih noMTH cahho-ayiHHbi b npH3HaHHH ero carapHnecKoro TaJiaHTa5. .Haace Hhho €>paHK nmueT o Xyrno Xypemmo KaK 0 «JiynmeM H3 ero rwKapecKOB». McTopHK JiHTepaTypbi Kjiozi Opny OTMenaeT: «B Hanajie flBanuaTbix roaoB apyroö acaHp oxotho Kyjib-THBHpyeTca HHTejijiHreHTaMH, K0T0pbie eme HHTepecyiOTca HeHHocTaMH ajijiero-pii'iecKOH, i|)HJT0C0(|)CK0h h KocMonojiHTHHecKOH (J)aHTa3HÖ. 3pen6ypr . . . HaH-6ojiee TajiaHTjiHBo npe,ncTaBjiaeT hx b cbohx UoxoMcdetiunx Xyjtuo Xypeiiumo6. KaK aBTop «repoHKO-poMaHTHiecKHX» p0MaH0B 30-x rofloß 3psn6ypr 3aB0-eBaji npH3HaHHe caMbix pa3Hbix JiioaeH — ot BaiiflepBejibfle, 6occa ßejibrHHCKHX coHHaji-corjiamaTejieii7, flo caMbix apbix nevieu,KHX npojieTKyjibTOBueB8, Bbi3biBaa OOTOBpeMeHHO HenpHa3Hb, HacMeujKH h ^aace oTKpoBeHHoe 3y60CKajibCTB0 6yp-acya3H0H npeccbi. PoMaHbi 3pen6ypra 40—50-x rofloß b ko mm y 11 h c t h li e c k o ii nenara oueHH-BaKiTca KaK BejiHKOJienHbrä npHMep HOBoro, MHoronjiaHOBoro, nojiH(j)OHHHHoro, couHajibHO-nojiHTHHecKoro poMaHa9, a b 6ypxcya3HOH KpHTHKe hjih Bbi3biBaioT JiaKOHOTHbie, cyxHe KOHCTaTaum-i o TaroTeHHH nncaTena k coimajibHOH TeMaTmce (pMKapao IlbeKHO, Kjioa <3>pHy), hjih poacflaiOT e;iKne, npe3pMTejibHbie 3aMena-Hna, Bpoae 3aaBJieHHa OpaHcya3bi CoBaac: 3pen6ypr «. .. cneuHaJiH3HpoBaBmHÖ-ca Ha KyjibTypHOH 6opb6e npoTHB nporHHBuiero h aeKa.ieHTCKoro Banana»l0. B 3apy6eacHOH KpHTHKe 06 3pe6ypre mh nepeflKo o6Hapy»CHBaeM HHTepec-Hbie, TOHKne 3aMenaHna, Kacaromneca ero jiHTepaTypHoro hjih ny6jini|HCTH4Cc- 1 ¿{um Khuza, CTp. 181. 2 Dizionario Universale della Litteratura contemporanea, Arnoldo Mondadori Editore. 3 Ilbep TaMappa, Ilya Ehrenburg — un grand témoin de notre temps, „L’Humanité“, 2.IX.1967. 4 H. B. üpHCTJiH, Introduction to I. Ehrenburg, Russia at War, Jl0Hfl0H, 1943. 5 McKJifOHeHHe cocTaBJiaioT jininb HeKOTopbie npojieTKyjibTCTByjomHe HeMeuKHe kphthkh 20-x TOflOB. Cm. I\ K, 1961, Tom. III, CTp. 225. 7 Ilo noBoziy poMaHa Jleub emopoü BaHZtepBejibfle nncan: «TaK, HCCMOTpa Ha Bce, stot Hapofl njier no rpjnn, no cHery k SBcmaM. CaMaa 3aK0HHaa H30 Bcex peßojiioiiHH nana eMy Bepy h na,ie>Kny — HyAOjeäCTBSHHoe o6iiOBXiennc coanajibHOä îkhshh» (H. 3pen6ypr, C. c., t. 9, CTp. 58). 8 r. lOnrep, Menschenbild und Eutwick lungstedenzen in der Sowjetliteratur, „Zeitschrift für Slawistik“, I Band XVIII, 1968. 9 Cm. HanpHMep, CTaTbH: IUoMJibo flbëpflb, Gondolatok Ehrenburg tij regényérôl, „Irodalmi ûjsâg", nr. 25, 1953. ; M. Hobhkob, O operä literarä in slujba Päcii, „Scinteia“, nr. 2978, 1954. 10 „Paroles françaises“, 9 IX.1949 (ApxHB HjibH 3peH6ypra).