376
EJIEHA JIOrMHOBCKAÍI
«HOBblH pOMaHTH3M» H H3BCCTHb(M BOnpOC O COOTHOIIieHHH fljlfl HejlOBeKa J1H4-Horo, HHTHMHoro, c «o6luhm», o6meHejioBeHecKHM: «3aK0HH0 h npaBejiHO Tpe-6oBaHHe nejiOBCica Ha jiHHHoe cnacTbe, — nHiiiex icpHTHK, — pa3yMHO n ecTecT-BeHHO ero CTpeMjieHHe k jihhhomy cnacTbio; ho b o^hom jth cepaue ^ojiaceH 3a-KJiioHaTbca BSeb MHp ero cnacTba?... Ecjih 6bi bch uejib Haiueñ >kh3hh cocToajia TOJibKO b HauieM jihhhom CHacTbH, a Hauie jiHHHoe cnacTbe 3aKjnoHajiocb 6bi TOJlbKO B O/IHOH J1K>6bH, — TOr.Ha >KH3Hb Ka3ajiaCb 6bl .aeHCTBHTejlbHO MpaHHOK) nycTbiHeio, 3aBaueHHOK) rpoóaMH h pa36HTbiMH cpeauaviH. Ho — xBajia BCWHOMy pa3VMy, xBana nonewrejibHOMy npoMbicjiy! ecTb jijih nejioBeKa h eme Bejimcnií MHP 5KH3HH, KpOMe BHyTpSHHerO MHpa, — MHP HCTOpHHeCKOrO C03epuaHH» H 06-mecTBeHHOñ /jeaTejibHOCTH, — tot BejiHKHií MHp, rae Mbicjib ciaHOBHTca aejiOM, a BbicoKoe nyBCTBOBaHHe — noaBnroM, h rae flBa npoTHBonojioacHbie 6epera »CH3HH — 3Óecb h mau — cjiHBaioTca b o ah o peajibHoe He6o HCTopmecKoro npo-rpecca...»1
    3th mhcjih BejiHHCKoro, 6e3ycji0BH0, conocTaBHMbi c tcmh HfleaMH h Ha-CTpOeHHHMH, KOTOpbie pOHCflaeT HICHHC npOH3BCfleHHÍI JlepMOHTOBa2. B HX CBeTe repoíí; no3Mbi MoaceT BocnpHHHMaTbca KaK npoTecTaHT npoTHB CTaporo MHpa h CTapoM MopaiiH, a ero Kpax — KaK oco3HaHHe JlepMOHTOBbiM orpanHiemiocTH HHaHBHflyajIHCTHHeCKOrO npOTeCTa, HeB03M05KH0CTH HaHTH CMbICJI 5KH3HH «TOJlbKO B J1K)6bh».
    M3BecTHaa cnpaBeflJiHBOCTb TaKoit TpaKTOBKH noflTBepacAaeTca h jihhhch pa3BHTHa TBopnecTBa JlepMOHTOBa, KOTopoe b SojibiuoH Mepe HfleT napajLiejibHo c pa3BHTHeM BejiHHCKoro, FepueHa h bccm nepeaoBoñ mmcjih Pocchh 30-x rr. XIX BeKa.
    HccjieflOBaTejiaMH yace npocjieaceHO pasBHTue MHp0B033pSHHa nosTa, OTMe-neHO yrjiy6jienne B3rjiaaa Ha MHp, xapainepiny lomee nocjie/iHue roflbi ero >kh3hh. Abtop nocJie/ineH psaaK umii nosMbi ffeMOH — 3T0 yace He nbiJiKHií ioHouia nep-BblX BapHaHTOB H He CBeTCKHH apHCTpOKaT, BnepBbie 3BH0 OUiyTHBUIHH CBOÍÍ pa3-pHB c 06mecTB0M. 3to hcjiobck, npouiefluiHH cypoByio njKOjiy KaBKa3CK0Íí cjiyac-6bi — c ee TpyflHOCTaMH, JiHHieHHSMH h onacHOCTaMH, c ee cBoeo6pa3HbiMH yc-jiOBHaM, c6jiH>KafomnMH 0())HL;epa c cojiaaTaMH— iiepeoziCTbiMH b uiHHejiH Kpe-CTbaHaMH. 3to nejioBeK, nejibiMH MecauaMH jkhbhjhh b o6mecTBe sthx conflaT, HoneBaBmHH y hx noxoflHoro KOCTpa, ^ejiHBuiHH c hhmh numy — h, kohctoo, He TOJibKO iiHUjy. ruySoKaa nyTKocTb JlepMOHTOBa h 3ajio>Keiiiibiíi b HeM c /ict-CTBa HHTepec k HapoAy— k ero vkhíhh, ero TBopiecTBy—npHBoaai riosTa k nofl-jiHHHOMy cGjiHaceHHK) c 3thmh npocTbiMH jiKiflbMH. Oh rjiy6»ce npoHHKaeTca Ha-Poahhmh HHTepecaMH, npHo6peTaeT Hapoanyfo TOHKy 3peHna, Hapo/inbiíi Birjiji/i Ha BeuiH (cm. 3aeeutaHue, Ba.nepuK), b HeM co3peBaeT h yKpenjiaeTca hozuimh-Hbiñ aeM0KpaTH3M, 3aHHMaK>m,HH MecTO «cy6beKTHBHO-cajioHHoro B3rjiaAa Ha acH3Hb» (BejiHHCKHH), KQTopbiH b H3BecTHoñ Mepe xapaKTepH30Baji ero paHbrne.
      1	B. r. EcjThhckhh, ÍIo.iHoe Co6p. con-, t. VII, cTp. 174.
     2	JIro6onbiTHO nprnecTH b cbhsh c 3thm CBHfleTej&CTBO II. B. AHHeHKOBa o tom, KaK boc-npHHHMaji no3My JlepMOHTOBa caM EejiHHCKHií. no cnoBaM MeMyapHCTa, kphthk BHireji b hcü «KpoMe H3o6pa>iceiiH!i CTpacTeií eme h njiaMeHHyio saujHTy npaBa MejiOBe'ieCKoro na CBo6o/iy . . . jlpa.via, pasBHBaiomaaca Me>Kay mh^hhccrhmh cymecTBaMH, nivrejia flna EejniHCKoro coBepiueHHO peanbHoe coaep'A'auHe, KaK óiforpac|)n>i hjih mothb H3 >kk3hh ,aeííctbmxe.nbuoro juina». H. B. Ah-HeHKOB, Jlumepamypubie eocnoMUiiamiH, Jlenmirpan, 1928, CTp. 249.