XyflOaCECTBEHHAfl CTPyKTyPA «flEMOHA 379 u meopnecmea np othb octoht udee ompuifanun, rocnoflCTByiomeM b nos3HH EaäpoHa h OTpaacaiomefi CTpacTHbiö npoTecT BejiHKoro poMaHTHKa npoTHB nopOKOB n0peB0JIK)U,H0HH0H 6yp*ya3HOH AeMCTBMTejlbHOCTM, HHTaeMMH KaK CH-JIOH HeHaBHCTH K 3TOH fleHCTBHTejIbHOCTH, TaK H He HCHepnaHHblMH eme B03M0>K-hoctsmh 6opb6bi h conpoBoacflaeMbift Hepe/uco xapaKTepHbiM fljia poMaHTH3Ma neCCHMHCTHHeCKHM B3rJIHflOM Ha HCTOpHK) HejIOBeHeCTBa. B OTJIHHHe OT HMX JlepMOHTOB, CblH OflHOH H3 HaHÖOJiee peaKUHOHHblX B HCTopHH Bcex BpeMeH snox, MpeBaToii b to ace Bpe.MH Han6ojiee hchhmmh cBeprne-HHHMH, — 3nOXH KpH3HCa fleKa6pH3Ma KaK MHp0B033peHHH — He MOaceT OCTaHO-BHTbca hh Ha 6aüp0HHHecK0M oTpHnaHHH, hh Ha reTeBCKOM yTBepacAeHHH. Eecnep-eneKTHBHoeTH EaiipoHa b njiaHe nojioacHTejibHoro Hfleajia oh npoTHBonocTaBjiaeT reTeBCKyio Bepy b stot Haeaji. FeiCBCKOMy pa3pemeHHio npoTHBoperafi—6afi-p0H0BCK0e OTpnuaHHe. M.vieHHO n03T0My HecKOJibKO no3flHee, Koraa b Pocchh HaMHHaeT cKnaxibiBaTbcn hobbih Mzieaji, Hoßoe peBOJHOHHOHHo-aeMOKpaTHHecKoe MHp0B033peHHe, OTKpbiBaiomee nepea jiHHHOCTbK) umpoKHe nepcneKTHBbi ocymecT-BjieHHa KaK b 06mecTBeHH0M, TaK h b jihhhom njiaHe, BeuHHCKHH CMoaceT TpaK-TOBaTb xueaeBp JlepM oht ob a h b ayxe BaöpoHa — KaK «c HeßoM ropflaa Bpaac.ua», h b ayxe TeTe — KaK nopbiB k Hßeajiy: «3tot aeMOH .. . oTpHHaeT ¿um yTBepac,ne-hhh, pa3pymaeT /iji« co3H^aHMH; oh hubo/iht Ha nejioBeKa coMHeHHe He b fleiicTBH-TejibHocTH hcthhm, KaK hcthhh, KpacoTbi, KaK KpacoTbi, 6jiara, KaK 6jiara, ho KaK 3moü HCTHHbi, 3moü KpacoTbi, dmozo ßjiara . . . 3to aemoh ABMxeHHa, Ben-Horo oÖHOBJieHHH, BewHoro B03poacii,eHHa . ..»' H o6e sth TpaKTOBKH 6yayT rjiy-öoko cnpaBeAJiHBbi: ohh pacKpoioT h <«J)aycTHaHCKoe» h «caTaHHHCKoe» b o6pa3e /JeMoita, h (J)hjioco(J)Ckhh acneKT no3Mbi h ee coimajubHofi noflTexcT. H Bce ace o6e ohh 6yayT Hefl0CTaT0HHbi, höo cmhcji, coaepacaHHe o6pa3a /JeMona ne hc-HepiibiBaeTca stumm AByvia acneKTaMH, höo b oöpa3e fleMOHa nponcxoflHT He npOCTO CJIHHHHe, HO H TJiyÖOKHH CHHTC3 3THX HaHajI, nOpOaCflaiOUIHH HOBOe KBJie-HHe JiHTepaTypbi hoboto BpeMeHH, deMOHU3M. Yxoflamee KopHaMH b TBopnecTBo Tex ace TeTe h Bafipona — HHTyHTHBHO ynoBJieHHoe b «aeMOHHOHe» nepBoro, BonjioTHBmeeca b repoax boctomhhx no3M BToporo, no/ixBaneHHoe h pa3BHToe 4>paHHy3CKHMH pOMaHTHKaMH — BHHLH, Mrocce H AP--3T0 HBJieHHe 3HaMeHyeT BbiflBHaceHHe Ha nepBbifi njiaH sthhcckhx npo6jieM, B03M0aHHTejn>Hoe MacTepcTBo TaKoro aHajiH3a, BMecTe c chjioh «caTaHHHCKoro» npoTecTa h rjiy6HHofi «(jjaycTHaHCKHx» cTpeMJieHHH, npHBOflHT k roMy, hto b npoH3BefleHHH pyccKoro nosTa He TojibKo craBarca coimajibHbie h 4)HJi0C0(J)CKHe npo6;ieMbi, ho h apKO 06pMC0BbiBaeTca MyHMMan sthmh npo6jie-MaMH Ayma repoa, hhbimh cnoBaMH, ochobhoh koh<})jihkt mosmu He TonbKo koh-KpeTH3HpyeTC5t HCTOpHHeCKH, HO H CTaBHTCa B eTO MeTa(J)H3MHeCKOM aÖCTpaKTHOCTH H CB0e06pa3H0H nCXMJIOrHHCCKOM KOHKpeTHOCTH. * KaK mm nbiTajiHCb noKa3aTb, aHTHTe3a, Jieacamaa b 0CH0Be nosMbi h onpe-Ae.aaiomaa ee koh^jihkt, — HpoTHBonocTaBjieHHe repoa 0KpyacaK>meMy MHpy — MoaceT 6biTb pacKpbrra b «HCTopHnecKOM», «counajibHOM» njiaHe, KaK Hepa3pe- 1 B. r. Ecjtmhckmh, IIoAHoe coöp. coh., t. VII, M., 1955, CTp. 555.