Bonpoc o cpaBHH'rejibHOM H3yneHHH couHajibHbix hhcthtytob h HopM npaBa 6mji nocraBjieH h b pyMbiHCKoft HCTOpHHecKoft JimepaType. H. Hopra b CBoeM TpyAe «06ih,hh xapaKTep HHCTHTyTOB I0r0-B0CT0HH0H EBponbi» yKa3biBaeT Ha ôojibiuoe cxoactbo pa3JiHHHbix couHajibHbix hhcth-TyTOB y HapoAOB, HacejiHiomHX ror h boctok EBponbi. H3ynafl rjiaB-hhm 0Ôpa30M oômecTBeHHyio *H3Hb y cjiaBHH BajiKaHCKoro no/iycTpoBa, H. Hopra rOBOpHT: « HTO BHe BCHKOTO COMHeHHH HX HHCTHTyTbl B03HHK/IH Ha ApeBHeft 0CH0Be cji3bhhckoh o6ih,hocth»5. H. Hopra He orpaHHHHBa-eTCfl conocTaBjieHHeM pa3JiHHHbix 3JieMeHT0B, xapaKTepHbix un h o6me-CTBeHHOH 5KH3HH CJI3BHHCKHX HapOAOB H pyMblH SnOXH CpeAHeBeKOBbH. Oh yTBep>KAaeT, hto Aame b nepBoft neTBepTH XX Bena coxpaHHJiocb ÔOJIblHOe CXOACTBO B (J)opMaX OÔmeCTBeHHOH JKH3HH 3THX HapOAOB. KaK Ha HaHÔOJiee HpKHH npnMep stoto cxoACTBa oh yKa3bmaeT Ha AepeBHio: «PyMbiHCKoe ce.no, cepêcKoe cejio, ôoJirapcKoe ce™, ujim *e cejia Ha Tep-pHTOpHH OpaKHH, KpOMe paHOHOB, HaXOAHIUHXCH B OÔJiaCTH nOMOpbH. . . ece ohu oduHüKoeue »6. Oh yKa3bmaeT Ha cxoactbo b njiaHHpoBKe cen, nocTpoHKe aomob, xo3HHCTBeHHoro yKjiaAa, yTBapn, oaokaw, HapoAHbix n^acoK h neceH.
    ycTaHaBjiHBan BbimeyKa3aHHoe cxoactbo, H. Hopra yTBep*AaeT, hto h counaJibHbie HHCTHTyTbl ôajiKaHCKHX HapOAOB AOJi>KHbi HMeTb MHoro oômero7.
   CxoAHan TOHKa 3peHHH ôhuia BbiCKa3aHa h H.K- Ohjihtth no noBOAy M3yqeHHH y pyMbm ApeBHeHiHHX ropHAHHecKHX HHCTHTyTOB. OnpeAe/iHH cpeAHeBeKOBoe npaBo, rjiaBHbiM 0Ôpa30M KaK yrojioBHoe npaBo, H.K. «¿hjihtth yTBepmAaeT, hto hctophio pyMbiHCKoro ynwiOBHoro npaBa Hejib3H noHHTb, He H3yHHB ApeBHero yrojioBHoro npaBa coceAHHX c hbmh HapoAOB. HapaBHe c phmckhmh h bh38hthhckhmh SJieMeHTaMH H.K. Ohjihtth yKa-3biBaeT Ha HajiHMHe h Apyrnx ochob Hamero ApeBHero yro/ioBHoro npaBa, KOTOpbie 6e3 COMHeHHH HaxoAHM b BapBapcKHX CHCTeMax HapoAOB, rjiaBHbiM oôpasoM y cjiaBHH, yHacTBOBaBiuHX b oèpasoBaHHH pyMbiHCKoro HapoAa8.
    YCTaHaBJIHBaH 06lH,H0CTb MHOTHX pyMbIHCKHX H Ct/iaBHHCKHX COUHaJIb-Hbix HHCTHTyTOB, pyMbIHCKHe yHeHbie TJiaBHblM 0Ôpa30M HMeiOT BBHAy lOJKHO-CJiaBHHCKHe HapOAbl. Ho OrpaHHHHBaH CBOH HaÔjIIOAeHHH TOJIbKO OÔJiaCTbIO 6aJIK3HCKHX HapoAOB, HX BbIBOAbI He HBJIHIOTCH pe3yjibTaT0M BcecTopoHHero H3yneHHH MaTepHajia. Hcoôxoahmo pacuinpHTb paMKH cpa-BHHTejibHoro H3yqeHHH couHaJibHbix HHCTHTyTOB, HanaToro Hoproft, h BBecra Apvrne 3JieMeHTbi, Kacaromneca hctophh boctohhhx h 3anaAHbix CJiaBHH.
II
   y aflaBHHCKHX HapoAOB HAea npaBa BbipameHa b hohhthh npctedbi — KaK oô'beKTHBHoft cfiopMbi npaBa. 3tot TepMHH BCTpenaeM b ApeBHefluiHx naMHTHHKax CJiaBHHCKoro npaBa. B « PyccKOH npaBAe » oh ynoTpeÔJiH-eTca c pa3HbiMH 3HaneHHhmh: npaBo, cnpaBeAJiHBocTb, cyA, npHcara,
     5	N. .1 o r g a. Le caractère commun des institutions de Sud-est de l’Europe, Paris, 1929, erp. 3.
    8 TaM «<e, cTp. 3—4.
     7	TaM *e, cTp. 8.
8	I. C. F i I i 11 i, Despre vechiul drept pénal romin, ByxapecT, 1928, CTp. 3.
75