OÔmHOCTb TepMHHOJIOrHH, KaCaK)Ui,eHCH yÔHHCTBa B pyMbIHCKHX H pyCCKHX CpeAHeBeKOBblX HCTOHHHKaX, BCKpbIBaeT TOHiAeCTBeHHOCTb npHH -UHiia, KOTopbiH npHMeHHeTca KaK HaKa3aHHe 3a yÔHHCTBo: CHCTeMa yrojioB-Hbix mrpacfjoB. nepBOHanajibHO AencTBOBainHH npHHiwn kpobhoh Mec™ nocTeneHHO BbiTecHfleTCH h 3aMeHHeTCH chctcmoh iuTpa(})OB60. ripHHUHnbi h ocHOBbi CHCTeMbi cj)eoAaJibHoro yrojioBHoro npaBa ÆpeBHeS Pycn bo mhotom cxoAHbi c CHCTeMofl yrojioBHoro npaBa, KOTopaa npHMeHHJiacb b pyMbiHCKHx KHHmecTBax.
    K KaTeropHH npecTynjieHHH npoxHB jih4hocth cjie^yeT othccth HaHe-ceHHe yBe^HÎi, paH h noôoeB. B mojia3bckhx rpaMOTax BerpenaeM yK333-hhh Ha npecTynjieHHH 3Toro poA3. B 1467 roAy b HMMyHHTeTHOH rpaMOTe BncTpHiiKoro MOHacTbipn nepeHHCJiaiOTCfl npecTynjieHHH, KOTopue He noA-jie>KaT rocnoAapcKOMy cyAy; ypnAHHKH He hmciot npaBa mTpa(f>OBaTb
MOHaCTbipCKHX JIIOAeH «HH 3a A^lliriÎKCTKO, HH 34 CAH,â,, HH 3A pa.SEOH, UN 34 TdTCTKO, HH 3a AhSK8 KOAOMÉHHH HH 3a KpTiKaKKIH pdHH, aHH 3a CHHkIH paiiH» 61.
    B ct. 28 KpaTKofl üpsBAbi TaKîKe roBopHTca 06 stom bhaê npecryn-.iehhh: «Hjih ôyneTb KpoBaB hjih CHHb HaAbpa>KeH, to He HCKara eMy BHAOKa qejioBeKy TOMy... o>Ke jih ceôe He MOîKeTb MbCTHTH, to b3hth eMy 3a oôhay 3 rpHBHe, a JieTyio Mi>3Aa.» B ct. ct. 29 h 30 ripocTpaHHOH IlpaB-Abi TaK*e roBopHTCH 06 3tom bhaë yBeMbn: «KpoBaBbie h CHHHe paHbi »62. B KpaTKOH FIpaBAe nocTp aAaBiunfi HMeeT npaBO MCTHTb 3a ceôn hjih ®e B3HTb B03Harpa*AeHHe b 3 rpHBHbi; b npocTpaHHoft üpaBAe y>Ke HeT ynoMHHaHHH o npaBe MecTH, HaKa3aHHe 3aKJiKwaeTCH B B3biCKaHHH AeHe*-Horo niTpa(J)a. Ho KpoMe SToro bhhobhhh AOÆ>KeH ynjiaTHTb JieKapio 3a jieMeHHe nocrpaAaBmero: b KpaTKOH npaBAe njiaTa jieKapio He (Jjhkchpo-BaHa, b npocTpaHHofl IlpaBAe nojiaraeTcn rpHBHa Ha jieqeHHe63.
   B pyMbiHCKHx HCTo^HHKax XV BeKa He coxpaHHJiocb yKa3aHHH Ha to, Kaxoe HaKa3aHHe nojiarajiocb oÔHA^HKy 3a KpoBaBbie h CHHHe paHbi. Ho ôojiee no3AHHe rpaMOTbi, OTHOCHin,HecH y>Ke k XVII BeKy, coxpaHHJin CBeAeHHH, Ha OCHOBaHHH KOTOpblX MOJKHO B0CCT3H0BHTb HOpMbI, KOTOpbie AeflcTBOBaJiH h b npeAbmymHX BeK3x. B mojia3bckoh rpaMOTe 1673 roAa 6p3TbH Ypcyji h HHKOJiafl npH3HaiOT, mto ohh HaHecjiH yBe^bH nejioBeKy, JKHBymeMy b ce;ie OôpoMeHb: «bo BpeMH CBaAM c Heji0BeK0M H3 cejia Oôpo-qeHb Mbi noÔHJiH ero h np0Ji0MHJiH eMy iwiOBy h 6bui oh b coctohhhh yMH -paiomero. Tor^a eryMeH TaJiBUKoro MOH3CTbipsî (Ha 3eMJie KOToporo npoH-3omjia flpaKa) noTpeôoBaji ynjisra rjioôbi b 30 Jiefi, a jiioah cejia Oôpo^eHb noTpeôoBSJiH ynjiaTHTb JienapK) H nocTaBHTb HejioBeK3 H3 psôoTy bmccto p3HeHHoro, Ha BpeMH nona oh ôyAeT ôoJieTb, a KpoMe Toro 3anji3THTb noc-rp3A3BmeMy 3a nepeHeceHHyio ôojib »64. H. Hopra, yKa3biBafl Ha 3tot CJiyMafi, c^HTaeT, hto oh HBJiaeTCH xapaKTepHbiM KaK 0Tpa*eHHe pyMbiHCKHx cpeAHeBeKOBbix HopM yrojioBHoro npaBa.
     60	C. B. IOuikob, Oôu^ecmeeHHO-noAurnmecKuû cmpoü u npaeo nueecKoeo zocy-dapcmea, CTp. 476—478; I. C. F i 1 i 11 i, Vechiul drept pénal romin, cTp. 16.
61	M. Costâchescu, Documente de la §tefan cel Mare, flccbl, 1948, CTp. 24.
     62	PyccKan ilpaeda, II, CTp. 350 h 354.
     63	TaM *e.
     64	N. J o r g a, Anciens documents de droit roumain, I, CTp. 264—265.
82