CJIOBa, IIMCIOmilOCH B o6m,eHapOflHOM JI3HK0 TOJIbKO nOTCHIJHaJIbHO , B onpeflejicHHbix fliiaJioKTax — hjiii TOJIbKO b oTflejibHbix roBopax — MoryT 4>yHKuiioHnpoBaTb KaK peadbHbie cjioBa, t. c. Kan CJIOBa, KOTopbie ynoTpeGjiHioTCH He HHftiiBimyajibHo 11 cJiynaHHo1, a nocTOHHHo, u,eJibiM
KOJIJICKTHBOM .
    5.	JJjih 3THM0Ji0niHecKHx iiccJieflOBaiinii npeACTaBJiflioT HHTcpec n Te CJioBa, 3anncaHHbie ot HociiTejieii cJiaBHHCKnx roBopoB PHP, KOTopHe b 3ByKOBOM OTHOHieHHH COBHaflaH CO CJIOBaMII, HMOK)H],HMHCH B flliaJieKTax flaHHoro cJiaBHHCKoro H3biKa, 6oJiee hjiii MeHee cymccTBeiiHO OTJiiiHaioTCH ot hhx b ceMaiiTH'iecKOM othouichhh . 3to TaK Ha3i>iBaeMHe ceMaummecmie duaAeKmii3Mbi2. (O coMaHTHHecKHX fliiajieKTH3Max, b to ;kc BpeMH hbjih-k)id;hxch h apxaii3MaMH, cm. § 16).
    HanpiiMep, b yKpaiiHCKiix roBopax ccji JlyHKa-Jia-Tuca h PoHa-flo-Cyc cjiobo nupyx (cootb. nupyx) 3HanuT «BapcHiiK». Tot híc cmhcji iimcct flaH-Hoe cjiobo íi b 6yKOBiiHCKiix roBopax (cp. Dimitrie Dan, mim. paóoma, CTp. 40, CM. BblHie, §3, npHMCH. 3).
    B yKpaHHCKOM JiHTepaTypHOM H3HKe nupiz 3HaHiiT «mipor», a hc «Bape-hhk» (Tpiim., III, 152), fljm KOToporo iimcctch cjiobo eapenuK (Kcijiuh., 31). Paainma, kohchho, HesHaMHTejibHan. Bcé-TaKii, fljin ycTaiioBJieHiiH dthmo-Jiontii yKp. cjioBa nupiz n, cootb., pyccn. CJioBa nupoz ona movkct hmctb onpeflejieHHoe 3HaHeHiio: ecjin TOJIbKO ceMaHTeMa «BapeHHK» He hbjihctch H0B006pa30BaHiieM, OHa b H3BecTH0ií Mepe MO>neT noflKpemiTb 3thmojiohiio nupoz <*pyro «nineHHua» (cm. K9C, 250).
    flpynie npiiMepu ceMaHTHHecKiix flnaJieKTH3MOB:
    óapám’uK (JIinioBciib) «pa3HOBiiflHOCTb c'hCfloGHbix rpiióoB». B pyccKOM H3biKe cjiobo óapamuK imeeT HecK0JibK0 SHaneHHH (cm. ff'cuib, I, 47; CjiCPJIH3., I, 274), ho hii o,o,ho 113 hhx He othociitch k pac.TiiTOJii.HOMy
Miipy.
    ead’áHKa (JInnoBeiib) «TpHcory3Ka». B pyccKOM jiHTepaTypHOM H3biKe cjiobo eodsmna iimcct HecK0JibK0 3HaHCHHH, ho hii 0flH0 h3 hhx He KacaeTca KaKoií-jiH6o nTimbi (cm. flajib, I, 219; CjiCPJIHs., II, 523).
    kolodziej (Byjiaii) «KaHai'HHK» (Kui^.-fleó.), b to BpeMH Kan b noJibcnoM JlHTCpaTypHOM H3HKC II B rOBOpaX 3T0 CJIOBO 3HaHIiT «KOJieCHHK».
    üh’k (TbiproBHHiTe) «ncHa Ha buho, KBacy 11 t. n.», b to BpeMH nai< b 6oJirapcKiix fliiajieKTax 9to cjiobo 3HaHiiT «iiHeii» (cm. Fepoe, II, 328; Mjiü-denoe, 223).
    6.	He JiHineHbi íiHTepeca 11 cTHJiiicTHHecKHe pa3JiimiiH MejKfly cjioBaMH, flBJIHK>II],HMHCH B CJiaBHHCKHX H3bIKaX CTHJIHCTHHeCKH paBH03Ha'IHbIMH.
HanpiiMep, TeppHTopuaJibHbie SojirapcKiie ciiHOHHMbi npan h noza b SoJirap-ckom roBope PHP cthjihctiihcckh fln^M^epeiiHiipoBaHbi: upan (TbiproBiiuiTe) 3HaHiiT «Hora (neJiOBena, HiHBOTHoro)» hjiii «HOHíKa npe^MOTa» h HBJiHeTca
     1	B 3TOM CMKCJie Kopom KOH 3HKU Ü (JlHUOBCIIb) KOpOllIlUM 06pa30M OTJIIiqaeTCH, CKiiweM, ot (j)pani;y3i‘Koro rioTennnajiMioro cjiobs galopeur, KOTopoe, flawe Tor/ja, Korfla kcm-;ih6o cjiyqnñHO 11 yiiOTpe6jiHCTCH, ocTf.ercn, Bce-TaKH, tojibro noTeHiniajibiiuM. Cm. .1. VENDRYES, Le langage, Paris, 1921, CTp. 221.
     2	O noHHTHH «ccManTHqecKHH fliiajieKTH3M» cm., naitp. A. 11. <t>Efl,OPOB, Ce.uan-munecKue duaAeKmu3Mbi e jiencuKe 6ejioMopcKux nojtiopoe, b c6. «Cjiobo b iiapoflíiux roBopax pyccKoro ceBepa», Jlemmrpa#, 1962, CTp. 49.
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