flpyrofi CJIOJKHHÜ Bünpoc, OKOHHaTl'JlbHO HßBblflCHl'HHblH, B ofwiaCTH (JlOHeTIIKII CJiaBHHCKHX H3HKOB 3TO BOnpOC O ripii'IHHaX B03HllKH0BeHHH ananbH1. IIo cpaBHemiio c oKanbeM, aKaHbe cHiiTaeTcn 6o.nee iiobhhhm HBJieHHCM2. Oho ßy^To 6u He bo3hiikjio paHee Hana.na XII b. 0(5 3Tom cbii-fleTeJIbCTByiOT, no MHeHHH) HCKOTOpUX aBTOpOB, II flaHHMl! COBpc'MOHHWX pyccKux roBopoB3. Cjiefl0BaTejibH0, xoth A.A. IüaxMaTOB h npnßep/KHBajiCH B3rjiHfla o B03HHKH0BCHHH aKaHbH b floiicTopiPiecKyK) snoxy (b 3noxy cymecTBOBaHHH «BOCTOHHO-pyccKoro HapeniiH»)4, bcc >ko y nac HeT ocho-BamiH npniiHcaTb iiohbjichjic ßaHHoro (JioHCTHqecKoro npou,ecca B03fleii-CTBiiH) MCCTHoro cyßcTpaia. B cbhsh c tom , mto ocJiaß.TicHiie 6e3yflapHbix rjiacHbix xapaKTcpno hc TOJibKO flJin pycc-Koro, öojiopyccKoro h cjiobch-CKOrO, HO H flJlH ÖOJirapCKHX roBopoB, a TaK/Ke flJIH HCKOTOpblX BOCTOHHO-eBponciicKHX hshkob (Hanp., fl/in MopflOBCKoro), no-BHfliiMOMy CJieflyeT CTIHTaTbCH C TOHKOH 3peHHH II. fl. 4cpili,IX, MTO «B flaHHOM CJiyxiaO MH HMeeM flCJio co cxo^hmmh nep ejKHBaHHHmii b pa3jiiiqjn>ix poflCTBeHHHX h HepOACTBOHHblX HO npOHCXO/KflOHHK), HO TCp pilTOpiiaJIbHO CMPJKHHX 3THH1PC-khx rpynnax»5.
    B oTJiHMHe ot 4)ohcthkh, npHMoe BoafleficTBHe cyßcTpaTa Ha .uoptfiojto-zunecKym cTpyKTypy H3HKa BCTpenaeTCH hckjiiohhtcjif>ho pe^no. 3aT0 b cuiimaKcuce (naK h b iiflHOMaTiiKe) Taitoc BJiiiHHue 0Ka3MBaeTCH ßoJiee OmyTHMHM.
    Tan, nocTiio3HTiiBHaa nacTiina -mo, -ma m t. fl., xapaKTopHa« ^jih HOKOTOpblX pyCCKlIX TOBOpOB H OTJIKTOIOmaflCH OT apTHKJIH, HanOMHHaPT
JIGrUHHUM JlpOHeCCOM, H3B0CTllbIM <j>HIIH0-yr0pCKllM 11 TKjpKCKHM M:tbIKUM. ApY1' V1,1
iTHTepnpeTau,HK) cm. y M. KOMAftEK, Ilistorickä mluvmce ceskä, I. Hläskoslovä, Praha, 1958, CTp. 52. llepexo,i( a > e (rrpii ii3BeefHHX ycjJOBHflx) HMeeTCH b pyccKux rOBOpux (cm. B. F. OPJIÜBA, Pa3pa6omna ucmopuuecKoü (ßonemuKu pyccnozo anbinn 110 daHHbiM duajieKmos. «CnaBHHCKaa (fiii.io.’iürHH», t. I, MocKBa, 1958, CTp. 179—180), a TaKJKO b jiiitobckom fl3tiK6 (cm. J. Otr^bski, Gramatyka jezyka litewskiego, I, CTp. 215—219).
     1	Cm. ii yTBopw^eHHO B. B. HBAHOBA, Kpamnuü onepn ucmopunecKoü (fionemuKu pyccKozo a3UKa, H3fl. II, MocKBa, 1961, CTp. 107.
     2	Cm. ü. C. Ky3HEU,OB, Pyccnaa duaAenmoAozua, H3fl. III, MocKBa, 1960, CTp. 55.
      3	Cm. ii B. B. IlBaiioB, yn. com.., CTp. 100 n cjiefl.
      4	Cm. Beedenue e rtype uemopuu pyccnoeo a3birta, h. 1, lleTporpa^;, 1915, CTp. 107. 06 aKaHbe b cJiOBeHCKOM Hsuue cm. A. A. IHAXMATOB, Pyccnoe u cAoeencKoe anaHbe, «PyccKiiii (PiiJiojiorii'iecKHH BecTHHK», t. 48, 1902, CTp. 1—91. B cjtoiiencKoii aKaHbe HBJiHeTca iiocjic^ctbhcm aKcmipaTopHoro y,napeiiiiH. H b 60JirapcK0M oho 3aBiicHT ot yflapcHi.'ü. Cm. JI. MIUIETH4, Das Ostbulgarische, Wien, 1903, CTp. 216: o (nepc.i yflapemieM) > a (nöjiypeflyijHpOBaHHHii 3ByK) > a. Cm. ii flpynie ero pa6oiH: Die Rhodopemundarten der bulgarischen Sprachen, Wien, 1912, CTp. 115—119; «Ananue» u n’bAHOSAacue» e itenmpaAHua podonenu zoeop, «MaKeffoncKii nperaefi;», XI, 1936, kh. 1
ii	2, CTp. 26—30. BepoHTiio, aKante oxBaTbiBaeT 6oaee oöiintpHyio TeppiiTopnio öo.nrap-ckhx roBopoB. Cm. JI. MiuieTira, «ÄKanue»..., CTp. 27—30. II,. MJIAflEHOB, Anane uMa u e 3anadnume ötAeapcnu zoeopu, «E311K 11 JiiiTepaTypa», XVI, 1961, KH. 2, CTp. 62. B 6ojirapcKHX roBopax nepexoAHT b a TOJibKO to 0, KOTopoe HaxoflHTCH b iipe^y^apnoM cjiore: zadüna, padnüna, momA, eadd, züahm, rnaed, na.6a.1eA, amume.i, da mu daueceui 11 T.fl.
     5	y«. com.., CTp. 136. KaK noKa3aa C. B. BepHnrreifri (Omeemu..., CTp. 218), aKaHbe, cBoiicTBeHHoe 6onrapcKiiM roBopaM, He MoateT 6htl o6tHCHeiio c noMom,bK) cy6cTpaTa. 9to üiäjiemie cBH3aHO c nepeHOCoM y/iapeniiH. B MaKe^OHCKiix roBopax, r^e no^oöiibix H3MeHeimii HeT, HeT 11 anaHba (maM xce).
79