naflewa c flaTejibHbiM, hh oopaaoisaHHO ßyflymero BpeMemi c ijomoihmo r.'iaro.ia «xoTeTb», hh yTpaTa (hjih cy>r:enn(' <J)yHKii,HH) ini(|)iiHiiT(iBa b ÖaJIKaHCKHX HSblKaX HGJIb3H CBH3aTb C B03fleiICTBHeM OCOÖeHHOCTCH aBTOX-
TOHHoro aJicMeiiTa1 npocTO noTOMy, mto mm noxmi Hiinero He 3 Ha cm o Mop-(JlOJIOrHH H CIlHTaKCHCe (j»paKHHCKOrO, flaKO-MH3HHCKOrO HJIH HJUIHpHii-CKoro. ^aimue ajißaHCKoro H3HKa HeflOCTaTorau ftJiH xoro, htoöh cyftHTb, KaK Burjüifleji rpaMMaTHHecKHH CTpon flaKo-MiiaiirrcKoro. B stom OTHOHienHH HOJIOJKeHHe ÖaJIKaHCKIlX H3HKOB OTJIIIiaeTCH OT Toro, KOTOpoe XapaKTOpHO, cKa>nejvi, ftjin oceTiiHCKoro, rfte hmcctch saMeraoe bjihhhhc KaBKa3CKoro cyöcTpaTa2. Hchto noftoÖHoe fteftcTfiiiTejibHO h ftJiH pyccKoro H3biKa, rfte MOJKHO rOBOpHTb O HaJIHHHH BJIHHHHH CO CTOpOHH (JmHHo-yropcKoro cyßcT-paTa, a TaioKe ftJiH noJibCKoro, b kotopom nyBCTByctch B03fteficTBHe 6aJiTHH-CKoro cyöcTpaTa. CjieftOBaTejibHO, Korfta y nac hct flocTaTOHHbix cBefteHHÖ 06 ocoßeHHOCTflx H3HK0B, BHCTynaroiftiix b KanecTBO cy6cTpaTa, ho flOKa3aHO HX pOflCTBO C H3bIKaMH, CymeCTByH)Hl,HMH nOHblHB, flaHHbie 3THX HOCJieflHHX MOJKHO HCn0JIB30BaTb KaK HafteJKHHH MaTepnajI flJIH CpaBHCHHH.
    Be3ycJiOBHo, npoHifte mcm npwßeraTb k B03flCHCTBHK) cyöcTpaTa, neo6-xoflHMO ocHOBaxeJibHO oßcJieftOBaTb Bonpoc 0 bo3Mojkhocthx BHyTpeHHero oßiiHCHeHHH ftaHHoro HBJieHHH. C flpyroii CTopoHbi, mh He HMeeM npaBO ccHJiaTbcn 11a B03fteHCTBHe cy6cT]>aTa jihihb Ha tom ocHOBaHim, hto ajih Tex hjih ftpyrnx H3HKOBbix npon,eccoB He 6hjio HaiifteHO ftpyroro TOJiKOBaHHH.
    Hccomhchho , pa3pemeHHe Bonpoca 0 pojm cyßcTpaTa b 06pa30BamiH TaKoro H3HKa KaK pyMbiHCKiiit naTajiKiiBaeTCH Ha ßojibnme o6T>eKTHBHbie TpyftHOCTH: BCftb HCB03M0/KH0 OnpCftejIHTb OCOOCHHOCTH H3bIKa aBTOXTOHHOrO HaceJieHHH, ot KOToporo coxpaHiiJiocb Jinnib Heßojibinoe KOJirmecTBo HMeH paCTOHHii, TOnOHHMHHeCKHX 11 aHTponOHHMHHeCKHX Ha3BaHHH. KpOMe Toro, ft JIH pyMblHCKOrO nOJIOJKCHHC OCJIOJKHHCTCH II H3-3a OTCyTCTBHH nilCbMeHHblX
naMHTHHKOB, othochhi,hxch k nepiiofty fto XVI b. EcTb, npaiifta, flpyroii nyTb, 110 KOTopoMy npainiJibHO iiflyT HeK0T0pbie coBpeMeHHbie H3HK0Beflbi: ot BcecTopoHHero aHajiiisa coBpeMeHHHX GaJiKaHCKiix H3HK0B k iix nponuio-My. OflHOBpeMCHHO cJieflyeT noflnepKiiyTb HCKJUOHHTejibHO BajKHoe 3iia>ieHHe IieflaBHCrO OTKpblTIlH B PyMHHHH OKOJIO 30 flaKHIICKHX HaftnilCefi B pa3Ba-
     1	Xoth b ii3BecTHi>ix cjiyqanx cyocrpuT o6ihchhct neKOTOptre oßmue 'lopri.r, npiicymHO pyMHHCKOMy, aji6aHCKOMy, H0B0rpeHecK0My, 60JirapcK0My, MaKeflOHCKOMy, a HHorßa h cepöo-xopB atck<)my, a TaKMte cjioBeHCKüMy. OTiiocHTeJibHO aocjiaBHHCKoro jiHHrBHCTHHecKoro cyöcTpaTa Ha EajiKaiicKOM iioJiyocTpoBc b HopiiKe, IlaHHOHHH k flaKHH cm. IVAN POPOVIC, Geschichte der serbokroatischen Sprache, Wiesbaden, 1960, CTp. 48—103. Mu He corjiacHH c MHeHHeM C. B. EepHnrreiiHa (Onepn cpamumeAbHoü zpaMMamuKu cAaenncKux n3biKoe, MocKBa, 1961, CTp. 14) o tom, ito flpeBHiiii cyö-CTpaT pyMHHCKOrO H3HKa 6ujl KejIbTCKHM.
     2	9tO BeÜHaXCKHH, HepKe3CKHH, Ka6ap^HHCKIHI, CBäHCKHÜ, rpy3HHCKHH, Merpejlb-ckhü, aßxa.-iCKmi h a6a3HHCKHH. KaBKa3CKiift cyöcTpaT oöiHcnHeT MHoro'iiicJieHHMe c,nen,n$HliecKHe ocoöchhoctii oceTimcKoro H3HKa, oTJiKHatomite ero ot ocTajitiiux hjichob npaHCKOi“i rpynnbi: B03iraKiiOBeiiHe cMMquo-ropTaHHHX corjiacuMX (k', p\ t’, c\ c’), fljiH KOTopwx neT cooTBeTCTBHH b ^peBiieHpancKOM KoiicoHaHTH3Me, arrjuoTiiiiHpyioin,ee CKJtoHemic (b oTJiiwue ot ApeBHenpaHCKoro (juieKTHBiioro), HajiHHue MHoro'HicJieuHbix naflewew, Bapawaromiix npocTpancTBeHHue OTnomeniiH, ncHe3H0BeHiie BHHHiejibHoro na^esia h «pyrne oco6chhocth, He roBopa y*e o bjhihhiih na jieKCHKy h tohohhmhio.
O	cyöcTpaTHMX aJiCMOinax oceTimcKoro H.'iuKa cm. KHnry B. H. ABAEBA, Ocemuncnuü h3w,k u cßoAbKAop, I, MocKBa—JleHHHrpa«, 1949.
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